Wimax Wireless Internet

WIMAX and HSPA Battle It Out To Usher In Next Wave of Ecommerce

2008-05-16T21:04:00.000-07:00

Internet has permeated through all walks of lives, and this has tremendously increased the need for better connectivity. Lately, businesses regardless of being offline or online, view internet and its connectivity as an indispensable part of their business process. However, remote areas and their businesses had to be satisfied with the available connectivity, owing to chiefly, higher cost of laying cables where returns would be minimal for the service providers. Growing hunger for internet usage has spurred technology providers into action to produce a slew of connectivity tools. Among them, two distinct technologies called WiMAX and HSPA have emerged to fight it to the hilt for the larger share of connectivity pie.
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is the technology that allows user to navigate the internet wireless. It is a telecommunication technology that can carry data to long distances either by point to point links or full mobile access. The key feature of this technology is that it operates on the same Broadband Wireless Access Standard of IEEE 802.16, which was set up in 1999. WiMAX also has the ability to extend local Wi-Fi networks over larger expanse of coverage area by up to 50 kilometers and its backed by Intel, world's largest semiconductor company.
Similarly, High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) too boasts of superior technology akin to that of WiMAX. In a nutshell, it is a collection of mobile telephony protocols that provide better performance over existing radio bandwidth. Equipped with state of the art 3.5G technology, it can touch amazing download speeds of up to 7.2 Mbps. HSPA should be proud to get the support from leading equipment vendors including Ericsson, Nokia Siemens Networks, Nortel, Alcatel and Lucent. Its proven ability to perform extremely well in any condition and download speeds has helped the technology to be absorbed across several countries in a short span of time.
Unfortunately, WiMAX was not without its own problems, in Australia, first WiMAX operator had to shut down its operation due to poor reach to long distances, contrary to its claim. On the other hand, HSPA service was able to produce the desire result in over 50 countries and 150 networks. For example, in some places subscribers could already watch streaming High Definition movies at 1Mbps. HSPA has also got a cost advantage over the other, per month charges as of now is in the realm of $30, whereas one has to shell out $10 more to get the same service from WiMAX.
Since majority of the people spend time outside their workplaces, e-mobility has become an inevitable tool in communication and business. Whether the winner is WiMAX or HSPA, wider expanse of area under internet connectivity through wireless services will enhance people to do day to day business, being anywhere in the world. High speed internet access through wireless technology will propel growth in all areas including business, education and healthcare.
Global internet wireless connectivity will also give an advantage for an entrepreneur who is away from the main markets to get reasonable remuneration for one's products or services. Real time e-mobility effects coupled with long distance internet coverage for one's communication suggests, Ecommerce will be the biggest gainer and is likely to increase its share in the world of business.

Toboc, a b2b portal, provides global trade platform for Importers and Exporters from the different regions of the world.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Salil_Pillai

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What Are The Bandwidth Requirements For IPTV Implementation

2008-03-18T04:24:00.000-07:00

Many see IPTV as the "next big thing". However, often both providers and users are unclear on one of the most basic tenants of IPTV quality functionality. The required bandwidth. So... just what is the minimum bandwidth which will give a "good" movie experience?

Actually, the question posed in those terms does not make a lot of sense.

As a matter of fact you must take into consideration the resolution in pixels of the video. Example, for a 16:9 broadcast the numbers are as follows:

704x480
1280x768
1920x1080

The frame rate will be 24, to match the cameras used to film movies.

Then you should consider the codec in use to compress the image ..... and the bitrate you want to use.

Then you must move on to the audio part. Again you should use an appropriate codec and bitrate.

The TV set used plays an important role as well. For example, a 52 inch 16:9 LCD/plasma flat panel will show more artifacts than a 32 inch analogue 16:9 CRT TV.

Also the media could be a notebook or a mobile phone instead of a TV...

As stated earlier, this is a difficult question to answer and it all depends on your network design to be honest. Some providers have done HD quality streams at a constant 1Mbps and viewed it on a 50+ inch plasma .... which wow'd clients. One sample provider streamed a maximum 8 sessions on a demo from 8 different countries via MPLS ..... and has a multicast stream of about 2.5Mbps in HD.

MPLS helps ..... but you have to keep in mind that your network engineers should know multicasting extremely well, as well as QoS. Plus your equipment should not slack. MPLS means nothing if your network is engineered improperly. It also means nothing if your MPLS provider is clueless ..... and or peering with someone else who is not honoring packet coloring.

Generally speaking, there are quite a few variables as to how much bandwidth is required. On ITVN and Fios systems, 1.2Mbps seems to deliver 480 equivalent video and 5.1 audio. HD content usually requires at least 5 Mbps. The biggest issue normally seen is the consistent availability of bandwidth. If there are multiple users in a household or in the same area, the bandwidth fluctuations can cause buffering and degrade the picture quality. You may also see latency issues running ping tests or excessive pings.

To be able to truely predict (IPTV) Bandwidth Requirements on equipment selection and deployment it is useful to have a base starting point for simultaneous Multi - Play Service Delivery to the Digital Home.That makes sense as a Portofolio offering and not separating the streams vs. the whole package when predicting capacity.

The initial assumption would include 2 x Standard Definition (SD) and one High Definition (HD) TV streams ..... and let's say three Voice over IP (VoIP) phones along with some streaming digital audio/music.

Using H.264 this B2C basic scenario suggests a minimum bandwidth requirement of 15 megabits (not 6 Mbps) .

This most probably will increase as HD content is becoming more ubiquitous and HD-capable displays are appearing more and more in every home.

The planning folks within your orginization have to bear in mind that there'll be about three simultaneous HD streams - usually and nowadays the average number of streams per household. This means about 24 megabits give or take... without even considering the potential future applications (e.g. video telephony , personal broadcast). With potential future applications ..... the bandwidth required to the Digital Home may go up to 50Mbps!

As for planning from an Operator's point of view - understand that IPTV is a major investment critical to the success for your orginization. Not to be confused with WebTV which is a step before (full) IPTV.

With this in mind choose your Bandwidth Service Providers (BSP) carefully. There's more to consider than just cost. A stable Tier 1 provider with a solid SLA (Service Level Agreement) and QoS (Quality of Service standard) is a MUST.

Try to work with your chosen BSP on Capacity Planning and Backhaul. Validate 4 major critical investments: 1 to 6 months , 6 months to 1 yr. , 1 yr. to 3 yrs. and 3 yrs. to 5 yrs. Try to use a MPLS backbone to the full extent that you can. (Note: you may get lot of potential applications on top of it later on as likely move to "Intelligent" BackHaul.)

Again ..... make sure you take into consideration the HD implications as mentioned above which will double your bandwidth requirements per household served.

You'll incur significant investment if you plan to provide IPTV. It is not only about Fiber Optics to the Premises/Homes ..... but also the whole backhaul design plus the transport and enablement of such capacity. Thus my suggestion(s) to approach your BSP with some type of partnering arrangement (at least in the early stages) to share the Business Case in a fairly win-win proposition (keeping your initial costs lower).

Michael is the owner of FreedomFire Communications....including DS3-Bandwidth.com and Business-VoIP-Solution.com. Michael also authors Broadband Nation where you're always welcome to drop in and catch up on the latest BroadBand news, tips, insights, and ramblings for the masses.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Lemm

Problem Diagnosis With Ping

2008-03-18T04:23:00.000-07:00

The two most used tools, and almost always the first used to diagnose a network problem are traceroute and ping. The results they return are however most often misunderstood or interpreted in a way that leads to an incorrect conclusion.

Let's take the ping utility specifically. The common mistakes that is made is that whatever the ping result is, is due to the target of the ping. For example, if there is no ping response; conclude that the site is down. Or if there is packet loss or long return times, conclude that it is because of some problem with the target address. While both those outcomes could be the case, far more often than not, they are completely the wrong conclusions to draw.

The common causes of this misinterpretation are:

Ping sends a packet to the destination address that typically will traverse several other network points to get there. A problem at any one of those points will cause a non response to the ping query
In many cases web sites and other servers sit behind firewalls, and many, if not most, firewalls block ping packets. So while web traffic may reach the site, ping packets may not.
The ping packet has a source (the system initiating the ping) as well as a destination, it may be that the source does not have a correct route path to the destination, or that the destination does not have a correct return route path to the source. This could be because of specific firewall rules, an error in the route tables 'somewhere' along the data path, or a specific routing policy deliberately put in place to block access.

The traceroute command can be used to help detect if 1. or 3. are the cause of the problem, which has its own issues, but more on that later. A positive result from either telnet and tcptraceroute will conclusively rule out 2. as a possible case.

Telnet can be used to open a connection any any port, not just the telnet default port. A successful telnet connection where ping has failed is proof positive that a firewall is preventing access to ping packets. Here is an example:

$ ping cisco.com PING cisco.com (198.133.219.25) 56(84) bytes of data.
--- cisco.com ping statistics ---
6 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 5008ms
$ telnet cisco.com 80
Trying 198.133.219.25...
Connected to cisco.com.
Escape character is '^]'.

You can see that the ping packet failed, but that telnet to port 80 succeeded in connecting to the server.

So too with tcptraceroute on port 80:

$ tcptraceroute cisco.com 80
traceroute to cisco.com (198.133.219.25), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets
1 192.168.6.254 (192.168.6.254) 8.557 ms 10.624 ms *
....
15 cisco.com (198.133.219.25) 289.162 ms 237.972 ms 242.171 ms

Another common error using ping is that the results of just a few ping tests are indicative of the condition of a data path. It may be true, but such a conclusion can only be relied upon over a statistically meaningful sample size. Also, to be truly accurate, the distribution of packets responses outside the acceptable level needs to be known.

For example, as single ping test of four packets where one packet is dropped, can not, in any meaningful way, be used to conclude that there is 25% packet loss on that circuit. Ten thousand ping tests, over several hours where there is say 5% lost has far more meaning; however consider if the test was done over 24 hours, and for one hour the target site was down. The 100% loss during that hour looks like a general 5% packet loss over 24 hours.

It is therefore important to review the record of the ping test and see if the distribution of any packet loss is regular or confined to a specific period, before a real conclusion can be drawn.

A third common error is that the cause whatever is result is gained is due to the target site. For example, say 5% packet loss was found when pinging 3com.com, this by no means indicates that the problem lays with that site, rather, the problem could be with any of the points along the data path to that site, inclusive the source (my own computer):

$ traceroute 3com.com traceroute to 3com.com (192.136.34.41), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets
1 192.168.6.254 (192.168.6.254) 10.285 ms 13.316 ms 14.440 ms
2 129.1.233.220.exetel.com.au (220.233.1.129) 132.994 ms 135.387 ms 136.312 ms
3 241.0.233.220.exetel.com.au (220.233.0.241) 137.192 ms 141.296 ms 162.018 ms
4 10.0.1.1 (10.0.1.1) 168.530 ms 174.358 ms 176.908 ms
5 38.2.233.220.exetel.com.au (220.233.2.38) 177.729 ms 188.233 ms 189.122 ms
6 359-ge-0-0-0.GW5.SYD2.ALTER.NET (203.166.92.57) 197.691 ms 85.598 ms 156.625 ms
7 0.so-0-2-0.XR3.SYD2.ALTER.NET (210.80.33.189) 158.108 ms 159.430 ms 160.260 ms
8 0.so-4-3-0.IR1.LAX12.ALTER.NET (210.80.50.249) 305.124 ms 305.952 ms 306.775 ms
9 0.so-5-0-0.IL1.LAX9.ALTER.NET (152.63.48.65) 313.518 ms 321.047 ms 321.868 ms
10 0.so-5-0-0.XT1.SAC1.ALTER.NET (152.63.0.98) 405.111 ms 406.359 ms 407.241 ms
11 GigabitEthernet6-0-0.GW9.SAC1.ALTER.NET (152.63.55.73) 331.091 ms 337.600 ms 341.527 ms
12 eds-gw.customer.alter.net (63.114.61.154) 357.930 ms 287.765 ms 310.755 ms
13 205.141.209.3 (205.141.209.3) 311.606 ms 312.502 ms 313.587 ms
14 10.231.1.2 (10.231.1.2) 341.277 ms 342.101 ms 342.931 ms
15 205.141.209.133 (205.141.209.133) 344.380 ms 345.861 ms 346.689 ms
16 ip-192-136-34-41.ip.3com.com (192.136.34.41) 261.317 ms 266.998 ms 346.689 ms

You can clearly see the number of hops the data must traverse. In this case there is no evidence of any problem along the data path. But if the traceroute looked like this:

$ traceroute 3com.com traceroute to 3com.com (192.136.34.41), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets
1 192.168.6.254 (192.168.6.254) 10.285 ms 13.316 ms 14.440 ms
2 129.1.233.220.exetel.com.au (220.233.1.129) 132.994 ms 135.387 ms 136.312 ms
3 241.0.233.220.exetel.com.au (220.233.0.241) 137.192 ms 141.296 ms 162.018 ms
4 10.0.1.1 (10.0.1.1) 168.530 ms 174.358 ms 176.908 ms
5 38.2.233.220.exetel.com.au (220.233.2.38) 177.729 ms 188.233 ms 189.122 ms
6 359-ge-0-0-0.GW5.SYD2.ALTER.NET (203.166.92.57) 197.691 ms 85.598 ms 156.625 ms
7 0.so-0-2-0.XR3.SYD2.ALTER.NET (210.80.33.189) 758.108 ms 759.430 ms *
8 0.so-4-3-0.IR1.LAX12.ALTER.NET (210.80.50.249) * * 806.775 ms
9 0.so-5-0-0.IL1.LAX9.ALTER.NET (152.63.48.65) 813.518 ms * 721.868 ms
10 0.so-5-0-0.XT1.SAC1.ALTER.NET (152.63.0.98) * 1406.359 ms 1007.241 ms
11 GigabitEthernet6-0-0.GW9.SAC1.ALTER.NET (152.63.55.73) 731.091 ms 737.600 ms 1341.527 ms
12 eds-gw.customer.alter.net (63.114.61.154) 357.930 ms * *
13 205.141.209.3 (205.141.209.3) 811.606 ms 812.502 ms 813.587 ms
14 10.231.1.2 (10.231.1.2) 741.277 ms 742.101 ms 1342.931 ms
15 205.141.209.133 (205.141.209.133) * * 746.689 ms
16 ip-192-136-34-41.ip.3com.com (192.136.34.41) 761.317 ms 866.998 ms *

It would be reasonable to conclude that there was some serious problem between hop 6 and hop 7 that is causing the ping test to return its lossy result.

To conclude, we can see that ping:

is a useful tool to indicate where a problem may be
should be used in combination with other tests to eliminate false positives
should not be used for small, isolated tests 4. is a good indicator of problems over sadistically meaningful sample sizes

http://steve.blogs.exetel.com.au

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Steve_Waddington

Discover the Benefits of the OC48 Circuits

2008-03-18T04:22:00.001-07:00

The OC48 is a high-speed digital network connection that is capable of transmitting at a speed of about 2.5 gigabits per second. This type of dedicated line is designed for large companies and universities with a large campus environment. The super speed allows for transmission of large databases over a busy network.

The OC48 is equal to 4 OC12s. To get an idea of the size this equates to approximately 1600 T1 circuits. The OC48 is engineered specifically for your location and can be used for voice or data. It can also be divided and used for both. The large bandwidth of the OC48 provides fast service for your network backbone.

Because of the large amount of lines and capabilities of the OC48 the pricing is based on the specific configuration. The OC48 allows for full Internet access to all streaming data and can handle many Internet connections at a time.

The OC48 is made for large and super-large applications and those requiring the maximum amount of bandwidth. This may include campus environments such as hospitals and universities. An OC48 can be used as the backbone in large installations.

OC stands for Optical Carrier. The OC48 is a group of fiber optic circuits. This allows the OC48 to support such high speeds. The OC48 is suitable for a large enterprise or ISP backbone. Fiber provides a stable and reliable method of delivery for these circuits both for voice and data applications.

OC48 bandwidth is the big story here. With speeds of up to 2.488 Mbps the OC48 is a logical choice when large applications are used. These can include streaming video, multiple large text files and graphics. The bandwidth supports any current application available today as well as future applications. For the business serious about its communication system, the OC48 is the best method for the price.

The costs for initial installation and setup are quite steep, usually over $100K, the fees are comparable with those of standard lines. The cost savings benefits potential is great, however, with most savings being recognized within about a year of start-up.

Space considerations are also an important part of the decision to use an OC48. The OC48 consists of a number of termination points, however, it uses substantially less space than the same amount of regular copper trunks would take up. This allows you to have the right amount of lines in the smallest space possible.

OC48 circuits are extremely reliable. These circuits are constantly being monitored from the central office. If any problems arise with a circuit the problem can often be easily resolved remotely. The large amount of lines with the OC48 means that you can bypass any lines that are having trouble, making communication seamless to the end user, who likely would not know of the problem.

Circuits are shared with users as they are available so you need not have one per person. In fact, in most voice T1 applications the general rule of thumb is to have one T1 per each 50 to 100 users.

The OC48 eliminates the need for most of your copper circuits. This will bring an immediate cost savings. You will need to keep some copper trunks as a backup in the case of a power outage or system problem. You may also want to consider the use of a UPS system or generator in the event of a power failure.

Many types of service plans are available for the ongoing service issues with your OC48 circuits. Be sure to choose a plan that gives you optimal coverage, particularly during your peak times. If you support an operation that is 24/7, as most large applications do, be sure to get a service plan that supports your 24/7 operation as well. This is like taking out an insurance policy for your communication system.

Article written by Van Theodorou, visit his site for both data and long distance for business services. He also has a very popular teaching on VPNs, call VPN Information.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Van_Theodorou

Weather Balloons Boost Broadband

2008-03-03T20:52:00.001-08:00

Weather balloons floating in the Earth's atmosphere at the moment could possibly be used to provide mobile phone and broadband services to Rural Britain.

An American company, Space Data, has had success with an innovative idea, whereby it attaches small phone masts to weather balloons. This then provides isolated areas with wireless internet access.

The Arizona based group has provided military and commercial clients for four years and are now prepared to link their idea with telecoms and broadband companies in order to bring their idea to the masses.

The working behind the novel wireless provider is that a very small transceiver is attached to the weather balloon that then rises to a total altitude of 100,000ft. According to the company, one balloon can produce a signal that is as strong as 80 mobile phone towers and could therefore enable a lot more people to have broadband internet connections. The company also believe that for the entire United States, 70 balloons would be all that was needed to provide everyone with wireless internet.

The balloons are released by local farmers and other land workers who are paid to deploy them. The balloons are released in areas that have not had wireless internet connections due to the companies who provide them considering it uneconomic, as there are few people in the area.

Around 20% of the United States is out of range for any wireless connection, and it has long been an issue in Britain that many rural areas are unable to receive a wireless signal or are expected to pay over the odds in order to get one, therefore, meaning that they have no option for cheap broadband. Consequently, if this idea was to take off, there would be a large number of people who would benefit.

Space Data are very productive at the moment and release around 10 balloons a day from places in South America that do not receive a wireless signal and is interested in providing its service for the UK. This service is one of many that have seen the potential and the financial benefits that the rural wireless connection market could offer.

Space Data have said that companies that are not offering rural areas a wireless connection are missing out on hundreds of millions of dollars a year. The group have said that they have tapped into a business that is potentially worth $10 billion market.

It would appear that there is a solution to the wireless connection problem, however, not a very long-term one, as the balloons last 24 hours before they burst. The expensive equipment then has to be retrieved; this is done using GPS devices. Environmental groups have said that they fear that the burst balloons could prove a threat to any animals that may eat the latex.

The limited time that the balloons last could prove expensive and difficult, however, if the company could arrive at an idea that would enable the balloons to last longer, then the skies the limit.

Space Data has decided to link their weather balloon idea with telecoms and broadband companies.

The weather balloons could mean that more people are able to receive wireless broadband connections.

Some rural areas in Britain are unable to get a cheap broadband connection as they have to pay over the odds just to receive a basic connection.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Gill_Critchley

So What Is A Wireless Bridge Anyway

2008-03-03T20:50:00.001-08:00

So what is a wireless bridge anyway?
In simple terms a wireless bridge is a device that allows two or more complete networks of users to transparently communicate to one another over long distances without wires. These networks can be in the same building but are normally in either adjacent buildings or with the proper antennas and line of sight bridges can even connect networks up to 30 miles apart. Wireless bridges connect to the wired network through the Ethernet port and replicate that data to a remote network bridge or access point via 802.11a/b/g wireless (Wi-Fi) protocol.

Point to Point (ptp) Bridging:
A point to point topology is the simplest to configure and connects two networks in two separate locations, normally a remote building or warehouse, via one wireless bridge in each location.

Point to Multi-point (point to multipoint, ptmp) bridging:
A point to Multipoint topology wirelessly connects multiple locations together allowing them to share the same network resources. The bridge at the main, central, location is called the root bridge or base station bridge and all data passing between the wireless bridge clients must pass through the root bridge first. These point-to-multipoint networks are used in wireless internet service providers (WISP), large corporate campuses, distribution facilities, school districts, public safety applications and many others...

What do I need to build a Point to Point Bridge Link?

Line of sight between the two locations. You may need to install a pole or tower on your roof top in order to achieve this. A site survey is recommended before installation. Select a wireless bridge: Here are some things to consider when selecting a wireless bridge.

Distance: Distance will determine what gain antenna will be required and if you need an external antenna or if an integrated antenna will be sufficient.

Wireless protocol: Do you want to use a bridge base on 802.11 standards so that you have interoperability with other bridge manufacturers or would you like something with a protocol proprietary to a particular vendor? There are some added security benefits when using a proprietary over a standard protocol.

Frequency: Do you want to use a licensed or unlicensed (2.4, 5-5.8 GHz) band?
Indoor or Outdoor: Indoor wireless bridges are less expensive but you will have to buy quite a bit of LMR-400 cable to connect to the outdoor antenna. This adds a great deal of signal loss and in the end you will need a higher gain antenna to compensate. An outdoor bridge can be placed right next to the antenna and therefore cuts down on the amount of cable you need to buy as well as the amount of signal loss.

Select a wireless antenna: If the bridge you selected does not already have an integrated antenna you will need to choose one now. For point to point links we suggest a directional panel, grid or solid parabolic dish antennas.

Peripherals: You will need to select the appropriate lightning arrestors and RF antenna cables to get you connected and protected.

Double it: Now double the amount of hardware you selected so that you have the identical setup on both sides.

Installation:
Finally, select a professional installer in your area to run the appropriate cables, install any required poles or towers, align the antennas and configure the radios. If you have any questions about this let us know and we will assist you in finding a quality installer. If you want to try it out yourself go for it but DON'T FORGET to bench test the bridges before actually installing them in the field.

Click here for more info on a Wireless Bridge.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Justin_Stellman

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2008-02-21T23:15:00.000-08:00

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The Internet And Home Surveillance

2008-02-18T17:04:00.000-08:00

In the past, many have often wondered how they can keep check on things at home while they were on a trip or vacation – hundreds of thousands of miles away. These days however, keeping tabs on your home while you’re away is quite possible. With the Internet and today’s technology – you can keep watch on your home no matter how far away you may be.

Although the technology may sound a bit out there at first, this day and age it certainly isn’t out of reach. The hardware used for surveillance is inexpensive these days, and ready to use all over the world. All it takes is someone with a bit of common sense and the curiosity to try new and exciting technology.

To use these types of equipment, you’ll need a reliable connection the Internet. The Internet is the heart and soul of distance surveillance equipment, enabling you to keep a check on your home from hundreds of thousands of miles away. If you are planning to invest in an Internet powered surveillance system, you should first make sure that you can get a high speed Internet connection to your home. Dial-up isn’t recommended, as the speeds are far to slow to broadcast video.

There are two solutions that you can choose from, each one varying in features and complexity. The first solution utilizes a personal computer. Several home surveillance cameras are connected together to a system that will survey their areas and record what they see at either a set rate per second, or going by movement they detect. Depending on the system you get, you may or may not be able to adjust these settings.

The computer will play back the video via the monitor, and record the video to the HDD, or hard disk drive. You’ll need to connect the computer to the Internet through an ISP (Internet Service Provider), in order to watch the video from a distance. To watch the video while you are away from home you will need to log into the computer with a unique username and password. You can log in at any time, and to operate the computer or watch the video images that the computer surveillance system has recorded.

The other solution you have available is much easier. Normally, this solution is used to check on a home through a single surveillance camera. Setting things up this way will allow you to use a single camera through your IP (Internet Protocol) address. By setting it up through your IP, all you need to do is check on things is to link directly to your IP. Once you have brought up your IP address, you can see live views through the camera. This method works similar to a webcam, in the sense that it streams video around the clock.

No matter which solution you choose, both are somewhat easy to use. Of course the second solution is much easier to use and setup, although it does have it’s downsides as well. Both have great things to offer you as well, including the ability to log in at any time. You can check video any time you wish, even chance your preferences based on what you need.

Anytime you need to monitor your home from far away, home surveillance and the Internet is all you need. The Internet is a common commodity these days, capable of doing far more than anyone ever thought possible. By investing in a surveillance system that utilizes the Internet – you’ll be able to keep a watchful eye on your home from wherever the road takes you.

Wireless Security Systems

2008-02-18T17:03:00.000-08:00

With crime on the rise, home security systems are a must have. With burglars becoming more and more common, you simply must protect your loved ones as well as your possessions. There are several different types of security systems available for you to choose from. For your home, there are wired and wireless security systems available. Each one has its advantages and disadvantages, along with the differences in price as well.

The driving technology found with both wired and wireless security systems are quite different. Wireless security systems don’t need to be wired through the house; they will instead send transfer messages to the control panel through radio signals. When they were first introduced, wireless security systems were proved to be unreliable when compared to the wired systems. As time went by and more and more people looked into them, wireless systems began to take form.

When compared to wired systems, wireless security systems are a lot easier and more convenient to install due to the fact of there being no wires. Wireless systems can save you a lot of money, time, and effort due to there being no ripping of the floors or walls in your home. Wireless systems on the other hand are more expensive than wired systems and you’ll need to replace their batteries on a periodic basis. The primary advantage to wireless security systems is the fact that they are easy to relocate, meaning that you can easily shift them from one home to another.

Wireless security systems use the same components as other security systems such as the touchpad, control panel, cameras, detectors, and alarms. Wireless systems rely on radio frequencies that are transmitted by the door contacts, windows, and motion activated sensors. The touch pads that are located at the entrances to the home will provide activation and deactivation of the system. In the event of the power failing, a backup system will take over the wireless system and continue to provide security for your home.

To use a wireless system, all you need to do is input the code through the control panel. Normally, this is done prior to entering and leaving your home. Once the code is input into the control panel, the control panel will send remote signals to the rest of the system that will activate the alarms. Depending on the system you have, an alarm will go off either by motion detection or a window or door being opened.

If you look around you can find several different wireless security systems, many of which you can install yourself. Before you buy a system though, you should always consult a professional who can survey your home and suggest the equipment you need. Even though it may cost a bit more money, it will be more than worth it down the road.

Optimizing the Router for Better Wireless Connectivity

2008-01-29T17:42:00.000-08:00

f you're downloading a large files and it's coming to it's end, you're receiving a Skype call from a client in London, without warning, your Wi-Fi connection drops, leaving your download and VoIP call in havoc. You'll retry the wireless connection, but your router, though blinking contentedly in your tense, seems to be off. After three hour, for no reason, your Wi-Fi connection miraculously resurfaces.

Wireless networking can be a easy and yet gives you a headache, It's great when it works and a mind-numbing frustration when it doesn't. A common complaint among many who have moved to Wi-Fi is that their wireless connection mysteriously fades in and out the frequency.

These steps will help you to create a stable, Always-on the wireless connections.

1. Replace your cordless phone. Cordless phones are among the worst sources of interference for wireless networks. They intend to transmit at a higher power output than Wi-Fi gear, making them louder and therefore harder to talk over, and they tend to transmit frequently, especially when the handset and base station are separated. Some 2.4GHz cordless phones let you select a channel, in which case you can try separating the phone's frequency from the frequency of your wireless network. For example, set your phone to channel 1 and your wireless router to channel 11. If your phone doesn't let you select a channel, try putting some distance between your phone and your router. Generally, it's not a good idea to place a cordless phone next to a Wi-Fi router. If this doesn't help, consider replacing your 2.4GHz phone with a 5GHz phone. This way, your phone and network won't be sharing the same airspace and won't interfere with each other.

2. Expand your wireless network. The farther you are from your wireless router, the greater the potential for interference to block or to slow your connection. For example, you may be able to connect just fine in your house, but on your patio, you may have an intermittent connection that disappears whenever your neighbor is using her cordless phone. The signal on your patio may be too weak to cope with the interference coming from the house next door. You can strengthen the connection with antennas or repeaters or you can use a power-line bridge to import the connection from your router to your patio and feed it into a power-line access point. Instead of the weak signal from your distant router, you now have a strong signal from an access point placed right where you want to buttress your coverage area.

3. Change channels. Interference is a likely cause of intermittent connections, such as the one described above. All 802.11b and 802.11g networks operate at 2.4GHz, in a small swath of spectrum once used primarily by ham-radio hobbyists. Today, these radios, plus other Wi-Fi gear, Bluetooth devices, cordless phones, microwave ovens, baby monitors, and wireless surveillance equipment, all crowd the spectrum. When these devices compete for the same airspace, they interfere with each other, potentially blocking each other's signals. Luckily, there are ways to sidestep and minimize interference in many situations. In the United States, 802.11b and 802.11g devices can be configured to operate at any one of 11 channels. Unfortunately, these channels overlap with adjacent channels, so you have only 3 non overlapping channels at your disposal: channels 1, 6, and 11. If you and your neighbor both have a wireless network, both of which are set to channel 6, you may experience interference. You can remedy the problem by resetting your wireless router to a different, preferably non overlapping, channel, in this case, either 1 or 11.

Md Shaffir offers the very best information and tips on gadget's and other technical reviews. Visit his website at Gadget-Junction, Gallery Of Rare art or mailto:md.shaffir@gmail.com

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Mohd_Shaffir_Daus_Sulaiman

WiMax, Competitors Vie To Create Powerful EcoSystems

2008-01-29T17:38:00.000-08:00

Several very interesting issues are at play in the rollout of wireless broadband technology. Indeed, the landscape that will dominate the next decade and beyond is being created now, as WiMax increasingly consolidates on one of two initial versions and steels itself for competition against other approaches.

The situation is fluid. Initially, the WiMax plan - to the extent that one existed - was for stationary and mobile versions to share center stage. Soon, however, it became clear that the mobile version could do just about everything the stationary version could. Thus, the impetus behind the stationary version began losing steam, said Monica Paolini, the founder and president of Senza Fili Consulting, in an IT Business Edge interview.

A lot of operators currently are deploying mobile WiMax. They are using it for fixed services. It's called mobile, but they can use it for both. On the other hand, fixed pretty much is just for fixed. Mobile WiMax allows you to roll out a network that supports fixed and mobile. The issue is having an infrastructure that can support all users. A lot of carriers will skip fixed WiMax, but offer fixed services using mobile WIMax technology.

The big issue is what operators will do after 3G. Mobile WiMax is one option. Two others, according to this piece in internetnews.com, are LTE (Long Term Evolution) and ultramobile broadband (UMB). So far, WiMax has gotten most of the press, though the technology may be hitting a speed bump. Earlier this month, The Wall Street Journal speculated that Sprint, which had publicly anointed WiMax as its 4G technology, may be looking to make a deal with Clearwire, a company that now has a proprietary version of the platform in the field and will roll out the standardized version when it becomes available. While such a deal may make sense, it could be perceived as a diminution of Sprint's embrace of the technology.

This is a sector in which partnerships and joint ventures will be vital. Paolini thinks that a battle between LTE and WiMax will not be decided by a drastic difference between the technologies, but by the direction in which the industry, as a group, decides to go.

Both LTE and WiMax use OFDMA [Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access]. Both have IP cores. There certainly are differences in the technology, but one is not a lot better than the other. Performance itself does not determine selection for mobile operators. It's more what the ecosystem is like, what the mobile community as a group wants to do.

Though the race will be close, one technology will dominate because of the fundamental support of vendors, service providers and others.

We expect whichever direction they take, they will move together because then roaming is much easier.

In this context, it's interesting that Paolini says it is likely that a new device will emerge. Cell phones and laptops are great, but neither is optimized to harness all the tremendous capabilities brought by wireless broadband.

But when you think about it, a laptop is a little too big to carry around all the time...most people just don't want to be bothered. On the other hand, a phone is a good device. Maybe a cellular phone has WiMax, but it is just an add-on that doesn't use the advantages of WiMax to the fullest extent. We need something in between, a data-centric device in a new form factor that allows you to capitalize on the advantages of mobile broadband. The other thing is to have consumer devices that have WiMax built in. It's a very good opportunity because the device is not likely to have a cellular interface.

The two points are connected. On one hand, she says the "ecosystem" - the intricate web of vendors, service providers, integrators and other assorted companies - will be influential in the relative success of WiMax, UMB and LTE.

On the other, she says a new type of device will be a deciding factor. Clearly, device makers, along with the companies that make the chips and other elements that are packed into them, are key members of any ecosystem. The immediate future of this sector would be easy to predict if one of the technologies was far superior to the others. This isn't so; it will be a confusing and hotly contested arena until one platform takes control. The key will be to follow the ecosystem.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Carl_Weinschenk

Broadband - Understanding the Jargon and How to Get the Best Plan

2008-01-20T19:40:00.001-08:00

If you find yourself reading this article online, then odds are you are no stranger to the vast wilderness that is the internet. Uploads, downloads, blogs, videos, podcasts, pictures, forums, games, news, email, animation, flash, webmail, webcams and music can all make for a vast and limitless real-time environment that is constantly changing. It is often the seemingly inexhaustible amount of resources that has many net users tearing out their hair due to strolling performance and extended loading time for content. However, in many cases, the real culprit is not the content or the website itself, but rather the combination of an ill-equipped connection speed and an internet plan that does not adequately address specific user needs.

Before roaming free in the World Wide Web, every internet user must first choose a connection plan and connection speed that will be able to accommodate both their budget and their user needs. The following article seeks to outline some of the basic areas that novice users should address when deciding to connect to the internet. For some, it may seem like commonsense, but for those suffering easily avoidable headaches and long load times it may just make a world of difference.

Connection Speeds

Before beginning it would first be wise to explain the two types of connection speeds and how they fundamentally differ. All methods of internet usage around the globe only use either one or the other of these types of connections.

Kbps: Is the common acronym for 'Kilobits per second'. A Kilobit is one thousand bits of data - a 'bit' being the most fundamental form of binary code that makes up all information available both online and on your home PC. Essentially, a 'bit' is the building block of all computer technology and communication. In layman's terms it is simply the combination of 1s and 0s that form the language of computers.

Mbps: A much larger unit of data, Mbps refers to the term 'Megabits per second'. A Megabit is one million 'bits'. This form of data transference is used by every internet connection above Dial-Up speed.

Types of Connection

Dial-Up: The most basic connection available, a Dial-Up connection uses the existing phone line in a business or household to transfer data at around 56Kbps. This is the slowest connection currently available in Australia and is in the process of steadily being outdated due to faster connections being more widely and readily accessible for a lower cost.

ISDN: Is anIntegrated Services Digital Network and is twice the speed (at 128Kbps) of Dial-up. It can be difficult to obtain due to its reliance on what is fast becoming outdated technology. ISDN was essentially the technological stepping stone between Dial-Up and ADSL.

ADSL: Stands for Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, also most commonly referred to when the term 'broadband' is used, and is a one-way connection where the download speed is much faster than the upload speed. This is a common trap for the average consumer because the speed of the connection is always referenced in terms of the maximum download speed (i.e how fast a page loads up / time it takes to save a file), rather than the much slower upload speed (i.e how long it takes to send an email / send a file to another computer)

Cable: The fastest connection available for both business and residential use (Fibre Optic connections, which are the next level up, are currently exclusive to business due to the high cost of installing and maintaining). Cable internet uses a similar system of connections to most pay television providers. It is completely separate to the household phone line and connection speed is substantially faster for both uploads and downloads. However, speed can be compromised by the number of separate households located in close proximity that use the same cable as only one cable is generally provided for a whole neighborhood. Generally cable runs at around 1.5 - 6 Megabits of bandwidth which is substantially faster than ADSL.

Connection Plans and Common Traps

To maintain a steady and consistently fast connection you need to take care in the selection of your plan. Having selected the telecommunications company with which you wish to subscribe for the service you then need to select a plan based on the cost of installing and maintaining your connection, the type of connection you wish to have installed, the speed of the connection, the download limit, if any, and the consequences if that download limit is exceeded.

The download limit or 'shaping' of your plan dictates how much information you can access from the internet within a month before being subjected to either additional costs (which can be significant) or slower connections (usually Dial-up).

According to Miles Humphrys, IT Manager for Corporate Executive Offices, one of the largest international chains of serviced offices throughout the Asia Pacific Region, a common pitfall when deciding on your internet plan is, "not knowing what it is that you, or your business, wish to use the connection for". According to Mr Humphrys, "Before connecting the business or user must first decide what their primary methods of usage will be. Will they be sending a substantial amount of emails? Downloading live videos or music? Or simply surfing for information? All these factors must be weighed up before signing up to a limited connection or one with a capped amount of usage. Nothing is more frustrating for a business, or home office, than being crippled by an incredibly slow connection because they have gone over their download limit during the day-to-day requirements of the business or user."

If you are unsure of the amount of data which you are likely to download in a month make sure you select a plan that gives you sufficient download capacity to enable you to then monitor your usage without fear of exceeding your limit. Make sure that your plan is flexible enough to then change if your download requirements are either substantially less or more than you expected.

"The one piece of advice that I would give for anyone looking to connect to the internet either now or in the future, above all, is to - read the fine print! The things to look out for are capped plans, download limits, shaping and especially 'extra charges'. If you see anything that looks a little odd, always ask questions or consult an IT Professional", concluded Mr Humphrys.

Karen Vosjan is the owner & operator of Domain Design, Australia's leading image driven portal featuring leading Architects and Designers, and showcasing their projects, and capabilities. For more details,visit: www.domaindesign.com.au

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Karen_Vosjan

Broadband + New Algorithm = Broadband x 200

2008-01-20T19:38:00.001-08:00

Broadband users who are fed up with the slow speeds from their provider but have been told their existing copper telephone line can't deliver a faster service may be in for a pleasant surprise, thanks to a revolutionary new mathematical formula.

Australian PhD graduate John Papandriopoulos claims to have has invented a way to turbo-charge current ADSL broadband speeds, enabling speeds of up to 200 times faster.

The system uses new algorithms reduce the effect that cross chatter has on internet streams that share the same physical copper telephone line.

According to Dr Papandriopoulos, his new algorithm could offer broadband speeds of up to an impressive 250Mbps on existing telecoms infrastructure. This would be ideal, given the UK's current state of broadband. The majority of broadband users receive less than half the broadband speed advertised as "up to 8Mbps".

Using these algorithms dramatically increased download speeds, allowing broadband users the ability to download data at a rate of roughly 30Mbps. A practical example of this new speed is that you using it would allow a full-length DVD movie to be downloaded in less than three minutes.

Dr Papandriopoulos is currently applying for patents in both the US and his native Australia to implement the new algorithms into worldwide broadband internet servers. If all goes well, his invention may well become one of the hottest properties amongst broadband service providers.

Not only would this improve broadband at a world scale but would also save billions. BT are currently in developments of BT21CN (BT 21st Century Networks) which would consist of installing fibre optics to improve broadband speeds to up to 24Mbps at a cost of £10bn.

If this algorithm was to be implemented into the current network then BT would not require upgrading just yet as in theory the speeds would achieve significantly higher speeds without the need for fibre optics.

Britain is in much need of broadband improvement and Dr John Papandriopoulos may just have our answer.

If you are interested in taking advantage of current broadband internet technology then you should compare many cheap broadband providers available in your area.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Adair_Cameron

Going Wireless With Satellite Internet

2008-01-20T19:36:00.000-08:00

Satellite Internet access is the only reliable answer for the more than 30 million people that want to go wireless but still can't receive high speed Internet access through DSL or cable broadband. There are many advantages of going wireless when you are using an internet service. It's much easier to network your home or office computers with this system. One of the greatest benefits of wireless access is that you are no longer attached to a router with a cable. You can move your desktop or laptop computer anywhere around your office or home within the broadcast range of the wireless router. One of the other major benefits is the fact that multiple computers can access the internet at the same time. The entire office staff or members of your family can have simultaneous internet access. Many people that work from home or run home-based businesses prefer wireless access. Imagine a work day spent lounging by the pool while you tap away on your keyboard from the comfort of your favorite deck chair.

After subscribing to satellite service for internet access, you need to purchase a wireless router and hook it up to the satellite modem. Satellite services are normally broadband services. For the most part these work seamlessly with wireless networking equipment that has most often been used to create wireless networks for land based broadband internet services. The next step to take is to outfit your computer with a wireless networking card if did not already come with the built in capability.

Once you have your Satellite Internet system has been set up and tested by an installation technician you will be ready to connect your wireless network. You can now connect your satellite internet modem to the router by following the instructions that came with the router. The router will then begin to transmit signals to your desktop or laptop computer via infrared signals. You will need to configure your router according the instructions that came with your router. Once this is done, you are free to start surfing the internet with no strings (or wires) attached.

For more Satellite Internet news and answers, check out http://www.satelliteinternetquestions.com for more resources.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Elijah_Gardena

Will the 700 Mhz Band Bring Broadband to Rural Areas

2008-01-08T16:35:00.000-08:00

Parts of rural America have broadband internet access and I guess you could say it is available to everyone if you consider the satelite services which cover the entire country which are ridiculously expensive for the initial setup and monthly service. There also is a patchwork of local providers offering wireless internet services off of water towers and grain elevators and buildings. These services are limited in the amount of bandwidth they can offer, not because the wireless gear is not capable of high speeds, but because the actual t1s or t3s to provide the backhaul to the internet are so expensive.

The nice thing about this particular spectrum is it will go through trees, walls, and just about anything for a long distance from a central broadcast point. So the cost of deployment is reduced because one central broadcast station will cover a large area and the cost of setting it up and providing internet access is spread over more customers. This is all contingent upon local providers being able to gain access to the spectrum in their area.

Google started a discussion about this spectrum and tried to influence the FCC to require the purchaser of the spectrum to provide access to third parties at wholesale prices. I am not sure what wholesale prices means but to a company like Verizon it means another chance to gouge anyone who wants put up the amount they will arbitrarily come up with.

I think if some company is going to rent a piece of this spectrum in their area it should be cheap, cheap to the point it is a negligible expense in the operation of an ISP\'s costs to provide internet access. The telcos like to promote themselves as service providers. If one of them gets this spectrum let them do a real service to this country and provide cheap access to everyone who is willing to do something valuable with the spectrum in their area.

Each election cycle politicians have spouted crap about bringing broadband access to rural areas. First of all, I do not think they really know anything about the business and the technology. Secondly, they have ignored the large group of small companies that have already been providing broadband access in rural areas. Finally, they have been all to happy to take money from telcos that maintain a stranglehold on access out to the internet by charging too much for broadband circuits to carry rural traffic to the internet.
http://www.articlesbase.com/internet-articles/will-the-700-mhz-band-bring-broadband-to-rural-areas-193132.html

Broadband – Securing your Wi-fi

2008-01-08T16:29:00.000-08:00

Wireless networking is now common place, with many ISP’s providing cheap broadband that include a wireless hub as standard. Wireless broadband users enjoy the freedom of being able to surf the internet from any location in their house, from lounging on the sofa to the extreme of ‘surfing’ on the lavatory (handy if you can’t pull yourself away from an online poker tournament!)

Wi-fi can be set up in minutes and it has proved a household luxury that many would not choose to be without.

The average wireless hub is designed to suit the home computing market, so ease of use is a main priority. Most wi-fi products now come ready-to-use, straight out of the box; whilst this is great for the average computer user; the problem is that many won’t know how to secure a wireless network.

An unsecured network means that you are at risk from others accessing your network. This could result in either someone close by making use of your internet for free or at worst they could glean information from your wi-fi signal and possibly obtain valuable, personal data.

Steps to Secure your Network

Change your Admin Password on your Wireless Router
Manufacturers ship their wireless broadband routers with a default password for initial access. Once you have your wi-fi up and running, the first thing you should do is change your password. To do this, you will need to log in to the router. Your ISP should provide you the instructions on how to do this.

Turn Off SSID Broadcasting
Your wireless LAN will continuously broadcast your network name, or SSID (Service Set Identifier). This makes it convenient when connecting to your LAN, because you don’t have to know you network name, but this will also make your network visible to anyone within your network range. If you turn off SSID broadcasting, this will make you invisible to your neighbours and anyone else who might happen to be passing by.

Change WEP for WPA
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) establishes security by encrypting data transmitted over the wireless computer network. The problem with WEP is that it’s a weak form of security that uses a common 60 or 108 bit key that is shared among all the devices on the network to encrypt the wireless data. Hackers are bale to crack WEP keys with the help of software that is readily available on the internet.
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) is an improvement over WEP as it provides strong data protection by using 128-bit encryption keys and dynamic session keys that help guarantee stronger privacy and security.

Install a Firewall
A firewall acts as a barrier from the outside world that either blocks or allows information to pass through to your computer.

It only takes a small amount of time and a little amount of knowledge to ensure that your wireless broadband connection is secure.
http://www.articlesbase.com/technology-articles/broadband-securing-your-wifi-280681.html

How To Fix A Wireless Network

2007-12-20T19:43:00.000-08:00

There are many benefits to be gained from having a wireless network. Certainly one of the biggest benefits to those business people on the move all the time is that they can easily gain access to their emails whilst they are waiting for a flight or a train. But it is also great for those who work from home as no longer do they need to restrict themselves to be sat at a desk instead if they want they can go and sit outside in the sunshine and do their work. However there are going to be times when a problem occurs with the network and this can be extremely infuriating. So what can one do to fix a wireless network problem?

Below we provide you with a few steps which should hopefully help to fix your wireless network problem without having to resort to getting a professional in. Often the problem can be quite easily resolved by just going into the network settings on your laptop or PC and simply following the instructions provided to you reconnecting to the network should be easy.

However it is important that before you actually try to rectify the problem that has occurred you should only arrange to make one change at a time. In most cases if you choose to change several settings at once and then reboot the laptop in all likelihood the changes you have made will have no effect and the problem will still be there. But by doing the changes one at a time you will be able to work out what is actually working for you and what isn't.

The first thing that you should be doing before you actually try to reconnect to the wireless network at any time when you lose connection is to check to make sure that your laptop has a wireless adapter. Luckily in most cases today many of the latest laptops and notebooks will have their adapter internally installed. But if it isn't then you will often find it has an external adapter instead.

In order to carry out any repair the first thing that you should do is check to see if you are actually receiving a signal. With a large number of laptops, PC's and notebooks today you can get a software programs which not only tell you when connectivity has been lost but will also help you to re-establish it. All you need to do is click on the button which says reconnect to the wireless network and it will either connect you to the one you are currently on or it will connect you to one which actually has a much better signal.

However if you find that when you use the method above in order to fix a wireless network problem and it does not achieve your desired goal. Then you may find that the only way to regain connection is by actually rebooting your PC, laptop or notebook altogether.

P Abbey owns and operates http://www.wirelessnetworkfacts.com/fixawirelessnetwork.html - Fix A Wireless Network

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Paul_Abbey

What Are The Advantages Of T1 Over DSL

2007-12-20T19:41:00.000-08:00

Here's the question many small to medium size businesses ponder... sometimes to the point of paralysis. "What are the advantages of a T1 are over DSL at the same bandwidth?"

The answer is really much simpler than one would think. The key word here though is... "think".

Unless your major and only concern is cost, a T-1 will win hands down. A T-1 is going to be more reliable. The big plus is if it does go down, the SLA (Service Level Agreement) and QoS (Quality of Service) negotiated with the provider mandates a quick response (as in a few hours) to start fixing any T-1 issues. Whereas a DSL could go down for days and there is nothing you can do about it. With DSL there's rarely any mandated response times for repairs.

Also a T-1 is usually more dedicated than DSL. For example the provider could have 200 customers or more out of one DSLAM... but the T-1 is all for you. You will therefore see less latency and bandwidth problems with your T-1 than you would with a DSL from the same provider. This may not be the case all over... but for most it is true.

Now here's a few facts to further confuse you (hopefully not... but be forewarned).

The DSL cost at about 1.5M is not that much less than burstable T-1 service (sometimes refered to as Full T-1 "as you need it"). This may surprise you, but in the long run (and you'd be foolish to pay full price rather than taking a 36 month term reduction), in this particular situation SDSL may not be that much less expensive even than Full T-1 services. But... and this is a BIG but .... T-1 is the better choice on a straight internet cost/benefit analysis. (not to mention performance issues).

Let me explain...

Internet access (as in internet or data only) is the biggest waste of T-carrier bandwidth for businesses who are not teeny tiny ISP's. The smart thing to do is take your total voice investment (monthly, installation, maintenance, hardware, etc.) and add it to your total internet/data investment. What you will find is that even if you need the full 1.544Mbps for internet/data, you will save thousands of dollars or more by fully integrating voice and data services.

Let me give you some examples of how you can do this:

1) Fiber optics. A very large infrastructure cost offset by a relatively small bandwith usage cost means fiber pays for itself within a couple of years. No brainer - unless there's no fiber to be found.

2) ADTS-E over T-3. Like T-1, DS-3 can also be purchased fractionally. Dedicating certain DS3 channels (1.544Mbps each) for voice and certain ones for data. Configured in this way, DS-3 is not going to be as expensive as you think, and you'll have the advantage of cost/benefit by bundling voice/data and internet through one pipe.

3) ISDN-PRI. Don't laugh, because I know what you're thinking: ISDN???? But your typical ISDN line is ISDN-BRI (2B + D) giving 64k x 64k at a set kbps D channel for signaling. However, ISDN-PRI is technically understood as 23B + D. Meaning 23 B channels at 64k + one D channel at 64k for signal. With intelligent CPE, i.e. a brand new PBX, you can dynamically allocate bandwidth back and forth between voice and data channels as needed. So if your internet requires the entire 1.544Mbps (it probably won't) at any given time it will be available. And when traffic subsides on the data side the channels are returned to be available for voice. ISDN-PRI runs piggyback over a T-carrier line. However, you need at least 1.544 Mbps for dedicated Internet access. Iin which case ISDN-PRI is a brilliant solution because you can provision up to 8 PRI's (that's a maximum of 184 B channels at 64k each) working together. That's a boatload of bandwidth capable of running switched and/or dedicated services dynamically allocated between voice/data and internet at a net savings over your current voice/data internet costs.

Given a reliability comparison between DSL and any of the technologies above, DSL will probably lose until its stabilized, if ever. However, the business rationale for increasing bandwidth must necessarily lean toward integration or become a ridiculous mess of wires, services, and vendors. That means at least T1 or something more.

Here's another overlooked factor ..... The consolidation of unnecessary vendors (through integrating your voice and data) is going to save you money, no matter what area of the business you're talking about. It will save you the confusion of terms, products, pricing, and simple communication factors. Further, your reliability increases because your point of contact/escalation is just a single person or team assigned to your account, and it's just easier in general to hold one company responsible (rather than many) when something goes wrong.

You'll have to get quotes to know for sure, but telecom service integration is the only way to intelligently make use of bandwidth at this time.

It must be pointed out that business applications drive business connectivity. Meaning that in the end the only thing that matters is what you're doing. The means to support the applications will present themselves as viable options along a cost/benefit scale. At that point you will be able to pick and choose according to your budgeting and bandwidth agenda. If you're not then able to decide on a technology, you probably need to hire a consultant.

Here's a tip. You can get that level of assistance to navigate the murky waters of deciding the right bandwidth solution....at no cost too. Simply request a free rate quote and requirements analysis assistance from DS3-Bandwidth.com.

Bottom line is if your Internet connection is "Mission Critical" and your business depends on it, GET THE T-1!! If you just need it for basic email and web surfing .... and it wouldn't kill you if it was down for a day .... look at DSL. If you really want to make the smart play ..... opt for integrated voice and data over a T1 or DS3.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Lemm

Securing Your LinkSys WRT54GC Wireless Access Point

2007-12-20T19:39:00.000-08:00

Securing your wireless access point is imperative. There have been several cases where people drive up and down residential neighborhoods “stealing” WiFi access – what are they using it for? They could be downloading child pornography, using the open access point for terrorist activities, or perhaps they’re downloading copyrighted material like movies and songs. Regardless of what they are using it for, you want to ensure that your access point is secure.

Securing your access point is very simple, at a very high level you need to ensure that your computer contains the latest patches and updates to ensure it has access to the latest security services. You also want to make sure that your wireless access point has the latest updates as well.

You can visit the wireless access point manufacturer’s site to see if there are any updates available. They will also provide step-by-step directions for updating the firmware in the device.

Do not underestimate the web either – do a search on the hardware you are using and you will find a lot of information on securing that particular hardware.

So how do you secure your wireless access point and what technologies do you use?

The WRT54GC features all the latest wireless security settings such as WEP, WPA Personal, WPA2 Personal and WPA2 Mixed Mode. You can also choose between AES and TKIP encryption.

WEP – or Wired Equivalent Privacy is a method to secure wireless networks. WEP is not very secure, and has been cracked easily with readily available software within minutes.

WPA – or Wi-Fi Protected Access (and all flavors) is much more secure than WEP. WPA is highly recommended to be used, along with a pass phrase that is longer than a typical 6 to 8 character password. For installations that I have performed, typically we have chosen pass phrases that are between 8 and 63 characters long and that are dynamically (randomly) generated (most pass phrases that I select are 63 characters in length).

WPA2 – is more secure than WPA and fully implements the mandatory elements of IEEEE 802.11i standards.

AES – also known as the Advanced Encryption Standard is one of the options available to you to secure your wireless connection.

TKIP – known as Temporal Key Integration Protocol, is another security method to protect wireless access points. TKIP may be more secure than AES, but it may slow down the connection between your computer and the access point.

So how do you secure your LinkSys WRT54GC wireless device?

Assuming that you have already have access to the device and have set it up, adding security is simple.

Consider changing your starting IP address – the default 192.168.x.x is pretty common and is used as a default installation. You need to alter the LOCAL IP ADDRESS. This is found under Setup > Basic Setup. You can also set the Maximum Number of DHCP Users.

Next under the Wireless option name your SSID – make it original! Too many people use the default “LINKSYS” or “DEFAULT”. Use something that will not identify you or your location – I’ve seen some of my neighbors use their hobbies, not wise. You should also consider DISABLING the Wireless SSID Broadcast.

Under the same option, click on Wireless MAC Filter. Find out the MAC address for the devices that will connect to your access point, and enter them here. This provides an additional layer of security, even though MAC addresses can be spoofed. Remember to ENABLE the option and PERMIT PCs LISTED BELOW TO ACCESS THE WIRELESS NETWORK.

On the LinkSys WRT54GC there is also a button that reads “WIRELESS CLIENT LIST” clicking this will show you who is currently connected to your access point.

Finally clicking on WIRELESS SECURITY option, select the SECURITY MODE (recommended WPA PERSONAL or WPA2). Choose the ENCRYPTION (AES or TKIP) and enter the PASSPHRASE – you have up to 63 characters in length, use them all up! Finally set the KEY RENEWAL. I use 3600 seconds.

And there you have it – your wireless access point is now secure! The next step is to have your computer access the wireless device, for this you need to take some additional steps. The next part of this article entitled “Connecting Your Secured LinkSys WRT54GC to your Windows XP Laptop or Desktop” walks you through connecting your Windows XP laptop or desktop to the LinkSys WRT54GC that you have just secured.

Get more information about adware, spyware, malware and viruses plus information on wireless wifi theft and securing your wireless connection at http://www.free-adware-spyware-virus-removal.com

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Mohammed_Bhimji

Reliance Leading the WiMAX Charge in India

2007-12-20T19:38:00.000-08:00

The Indian Broadband market is expected to expand almost exponentially over the next five to six years according to a report published recently and it would appear that the use of WiMAX (short for World Interoperability for Microwave Access) is leading the charge with usage expecting to rise to over 21 million users by 2014. WiMAX where installed correctly is designed to provide greater efficiency, development and utilisation of broadband services.

This echoes further additional reports that confirm that the Indian economy is flourishing and the demand for telecommunications networks and services has finally outpaced the availability provided for by what are euphemistically described as conventional legacy wired telecommunications.

It would appear that within the Indian marketplace that vendors, operators and system integrators are all coming together to engineer a bandwidth revolution, the like of which has never been seen before.

Leading the charge in this particular telecommunications sub sector would appear to be Reliance Technology Ventures; the VC (Venture Capital) subsidiary of Mumbai based Reliance AD Group.

One of reliance technology ventures sister companies reliance communications is at present one of India's largest CDMA (code division multiple access) suppliers and is now serving its intention to move into the GSM marketplace.

It has achieved this by its recent funding of a large undisclosed investment in E-Band, a San Diego based manufacturer and designer of multigigabit wireless communications systems.

Given the current rate of growth within the Indian marketplace industry experts are predicting with current levels of investment and expansion we may be at the beginning of what could possibly be one of the world's top three WiMAX marketplaces.

At the forefront of this expansion have been major carriers such as Reliance Technologies who are already running commercial WiMAX services in Bangalore. Should these initial tests prove to be successful and if you want to go on initial criteria and that would certainly be the case, they are predicting that by 2014 the accumulated WiMAX subscriber base in India alone will reach 21 million.

Partly because of its rapid expansion equipment costs the general market costs are dropping whilst revenues are rising. Costs in India are being driven down faster than in any of the major worldwide marketplace.

At present industry analysts state the penetration of broadband throughout India at present lies at an extremely low figure of .2%. With the new technologies and investment rapidly being made available for the industry, experts are predicting the market to double within the next couple of years.

It cannot be denied that globally, investment in emerging wireless technology services such as WiMAX is growing certainly more than any other similar mobile technology.

It is one of those things that you can get a rough estimation of how mature technology marketplace is when you sit back and analyze the number of hardware equipment manufacturers who are prepared to "jump in with both feet," desperate to claim vital market share.

Elsewhere in Asia, WiMAX is expanding and it would appear that from other marketplaces, certain Asian telephone companies are planning to run controlled tests of these services based on WiMAX technology in the United Kingdom next year.

Certainly it would appear that the initial WiMAX tests run by Reliance WiMAX in Bangalore are going well and that the costs of the Reliance Data Card are expected to drop accordingly.

Stephen Morgan writes on many technical issues and more on the above can be found at Reliance WiMAX and http://www.broadbandforum.co.in

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Stephen_Morgan

New Wireless Technology Shows Promise of Flexibility and Economy

2007-11-28T14:45:00.001-08:00

An increasing number of businesses, municipalities, and individuals are seeing the benefits of wireless Internet access. It's really no wonder that this type of technology is growing increasingly popular because of its flexibility and the fact that it offers an economical way to put a lot of different devices and their users onto the Internet or a Local Area Network. Wireless hot spots are great for flexible use and varying numbers of users. After all, how could there be a better way to supply Internet access to all of the computers in an office, as well as the laptops and Blackberry type devices that employees bring in and use on a variable basis? The same flexibility makes wireless hot spots an attractive thing to install in coffee shops, airports, libraries, and even homes.

There are currently several widely available varieties of wireless Internet access. The most common by far is Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi is a short range type of wireless networking that's commonly associated with the wireless hot spots you'd find in a coffee shop or bookstore. It's extremely cost effective and easy to set up just by hooking a wireless router into a broadband Internet connection.

G3 is another popular way to get onto the Internet wirelessly. A G3 network uses technology that's similar to the cellular technology that allows for the used of mobile phones. G3 technology allows smart phones and laptops to connect to the Internet over cell phone towers and while moving at extremely fast speeds like on a train or in a car(the Doppler effect can ruin some types of wireless connections even at relatively slow speeds) and over a very wide area. It's been the technology of choice for professionals who need to stay connected while on the go.

Now there's a type of wireless technology that could serve as severe competition to G3. This type of technology is called WiMax and it combines many of the best points of both Wi-Fi and G3 technologies. Like G3, WiMax can operate over extremely large distances- up to 30 miles. Like Wi-Fi, WiMax is extremely effective indoors- which is something that G3 technology doesn't do so well. WiMax is also much faster than Wi-Fi. The combination of speed and large coverage area makes WiMax extremely effective for providing large numbers of people with high speed Internet access.

One thing that WiMax doesn't do as well as G3 is provide mobile Internet access. That's because at the frequencies that WiMax carriers are currently licensed to operate at the Doppler effect is an issue, while the frequencies that G3 is licensed to use aren't as effected by the movement of the user.

However, this shortcoming of WiMax compared to G3 is simply a regulatory issue. WiMax would be just as good for mobile devices as G3 is if it was licensed to use the same frequencies. And there lies the major explanation for why it hasn't been widely adopted yet- lobbying on the part of companies that have a lot invested in G3 networks and don't want the competition of a technology that could serve more people in a wider variety of ways.

Of course there is the hope that the two technologies will be able to coexist- even possibly in the same devices- so that they can be used in the situations that suit them best.

A leader in technology reporting, Julia Hall has published articles about the latest digital devices and gadgets for over ten years. After graduating from MIT with a degree in electrical engineering, Julia turned down huge salaries from some of the most recognized fortune 500 companies in the world to pursue his dream of becoming a leading consumer advocate. Julia uses her expertise to cut through the too good to be true deals offered by high tech companies to reveal the real steals and the real duds that we're bombarded with daily. If you enjoy staying on the cutting edge of technology, whether for business or pleasure, but find yourself occasionally confused by the overwhelming information out there let Julia be your guide.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Julia_Hall

Broadband - What is 4G WiMAX

2007-11-28T14:40:00.000-08:00

WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a new telecommunication/broadband technology aimed at providing wireless data over long distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to full mobile cellular type access. WiMAX allows a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack in the same way as Wi-Fi.

• WiMAX & Wi-Fi may seem similar (as well as sound similar), they are actually aimed at different applications.

• WiMAX offers a long range broadband which can cover many kilometres. This can deliver a connection from broadband providers to an end user.

• Wi-Fi offers a shorter range broadband of a couple of hundred metres. This allows an end user to access their own network.

Why? There are a few aspects of WiMAX that make it so important to the future of broadband technology in this country. Most importantly, the cost, WiMAX not only offers a far greater range at a far better bandwidth; it will also be available at around half the cost of existing wireless broadband services. Therefore, allowing affordability, this will expand the amount of broadband customers in the UK significantly. WiMAX will also allow broadband providers to keep up with demand for broadband on the go. WiMAX will also provide better security, reliability and high quality that will be able to support the ever increasing numbers of bandwidth heavy applications. Speeds of up to 10Mb/s at a wireless range of between 2 – 10 miles would be achieved, which is a significant difference to the Wi-Fi broadband available at the moment (for example at Wi-Fi spots).

4G (Fourth-Generation Communication System) is the follow up of 3G. Like 3G, it will include wide-area wireless voice telephony and broadband wireless data. Although, 3G was limited to the use of a mobile phone, 4G system will provide end-to-end IP solution where voice, data and streamed multimedia can be served to users on an “Anytime, Anywhere” basis at higher data rates. It will allow systems the capability of providing 100Mb/s and 1Gb/s, respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments. This also offers high security at affordable costs.

4G WiMAX will be available by early 2008 creating a true wireless broadband experience.

If you are interested in taking advantage of current broadband internet technology then you should compare many broadband providers available in your area.

Adair Cameron is an experienced writer based in the UK

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Adair_Cameron

Helpful Advice On Wireless Internet Troubleshooting

2007-11-10T18:27:00.000-08:00

You spent all of this money on this stupid wireless internet router and cards and now the thing doesn't work! Just relax. Let's do some wireless internet troubleshooting to find out what is going on and maybe we can solve your problem and get you up and surfing in no time.

Buying The Right Stuff

Wireless internet troubleshooting begins in the store where you are buying your equipment. All wireless routers and wireless network cards do not magically work together. The first rule in wireless internet troubleshooting is to make sure your equipment is compatible. Wireless routers only work with certain types of wireless network cards and that information is always printed clearly on the box. So when you are matching up the wireless router you want with the wireless network cards make sure you check the boxes and make sure it will all work together. If you are unsure then ask a clerk for assistance. Wireless internet troubleshooting is easier to do when you buy the right equipment.

Firmware Updates

When you are wireless internet troubleshooting the first thing you look for is connections and plugs to make sure everything is plugged in correctly. Then you check the indicator lights to see if everything is operating correctly. Sometimes when you are wireless internet troubleshooting you will notice that your indicator lights will just click to off every once in a while. When you reboot everything it works fine for a little while and then it dies again. This may be an indication that you need to update the firmware on your router. Firmware is a blast of commands that are sent to your router that update its internal brain and allow it to function properly. The easiest way to accomplish this is to simply call the manufacturer of your wireless router and have them walk you through the steps to update your firmware. Once you learn how to do it you can do it yourself and you should check for firmware updates at least once every three months.

Bad Modem

For some reason people refuse to believe that their internet provider has sent them a bad modem. Broadband modems are not perfect and they can go bad just like any other equipment. If you have tried everything else in your wireless internet troubleshooting then you may want to call your internet provider and have them check your modem. They can do that from their office and can tell you almost instantly if there is a problem. Broadband modems are like any other piece of electronic equipment in that they can fail too. So if you have tried everything else then do not rule out the broadband modem, call your provider and have them run a check.

Ralph Jarvis runs his own mail order business. His particular specialty is electronics and computers. Check out these great Wireless For Internet articles and resources or the more general Wireless Internet guides and resources.
http://www.wirelessforinternet.com

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Ralphy_Jarvis

India Excludes ISPs From WiMax Auction

2007-11-07T09:57:00.001-08:00

The DoT’s recent decision effectively excluding ISP bids for WiMax spectrum resurrects memories of India’s past flights of fantasy. The fantasy this time around is the cellular operator’s commitment to nationally deploy 2.5 GHz spectrum for wireless broadband on WiMax and not hoard it or sneak it for 3G use should – if the DoT has its way - they be given both.

This is yet another kick-in-the-teeth for Indian ISPs as the nation still has a chastity belt around VoIP disallowing interconnection with the public fixed and mobile telephone networks. Now the punch-drunk Internet providers are barricaded from WiMax in what can only be a total flight from logic.

If the DoT really wants to have an actual, functional, no nonsense ubiquitous mobile truly "wireless broadband" service that allows the country to somewhat retain burnish on the “India Shining” plaque at the door, then the guy to deliver it is the one with no vested interest in legacy air interfaces engendering mobility.

Meaning, keep the cellular establishment away from WiMax because they’ll do everything with it but provide a no-nonsense ubiquitous mobile truly wireless broadband service that cannibalizes existing revenues and kills those hot 3G dreams.

In fairness our incumbent and cellular friends (same difference) would use WiMax for backhaul, meaning it’s a great way to connect base stations back to the mother ship while customers continue connecting to these base stations over existing cellular air interface investments. They’d also use WiMax to provide fixed wireless local loops (WLL) into homes in another area they consider relatively unexciting compared to cellular’s mother lode. Remember how Reliance sneaked cellular to the public in the guise of WLL? It was cellular mobility Reliance coveted not boring old fixed wireless local loops. And it’s WiMax’s vaunted mobility the cellular establishment wants to keep out of ISP reach and away from the user.

Keeping it real I’d probably do the same in cellular shoes. The Internet is synonymous with freebies, long distance and fixed line voice revenues are going that way too with the only telecom real estate left making money being inside the cell phone. You put a WiMax broadband eight-lane highway into the cell phone and there goes that walled garden.

No one asks the cellular establishment be denied spectrum for wireless broadband. Let them keep their existing chunks of 3.5 GHz admirably suited for WLL but don’t waste 2.5 GHz or 2.3 Ghz which god gave to engender mobility over wireless broadband footprints. Assign that mission to the ISPs.

Globally, the cellular establishment goes to incredible lengths to protect legacy investment and eschew air interfaces that lend themselves more naturally to Internet access. No reason to think their Indian chapter will do anything other than prevaricate thus until legacy costs are fully amortized and beyond. Consumers are to pay for cellular airtime until the establishment’s books cease demanding tithe. Until that happens, no video, YouTube or VoIP access is going to be efficiently allowed on to your mobile phone.

3G is the cellular establishment’s answer to broadband and they've already spent US$150Billion globally on licenses and similar change on deployment. Why would the Indian cellular establishment go with anything else? More so because tried and tested equipment is available today to make 2G & 3G networks appear seamless. WiMax is a totally different technology and while roaming is possible, it calls for a completely different outlook to providing what is essentially a very data centric service - somthing the cellular operator is not comfortable with as yet, unlike the ISP for whom it is his very bread & butter. Just a look at the imprecations cast at WiMax mobility by the august cellular lobby suggests their love for any technology other than 3G may not be all encompassing.

Ergo, any spectrum available for true wireless broadband over 2.5 GHz or 700 MHz is least likely to be used by the cellular establishment to speedily engender mobile access over non-cellular technologies like WiMax. The sensible way forward would be to have the cellular operator focus on proper 3G deployment while the larger ISPs are madated to deliver on national WiMax.

The DoT of course doesn’t see it this way and humors a lobby whose massive investment in legacy networks ensures they’ll continue buck trends positing that not only are more and more Indians going to spend more and more time on the Internet but we’ll do it over fatter bandwidth and wireless connectivity.

Doing the math, fatter bandwidth translates into at least 3 to 5 Mbits/second of ubiquitous wireless broadband speeds to the mobile handset if we are to go beyond SMS messaging or Blackberry and into the realm of true mobile internet access to our mail servers, to YouTube, Videoblogs, interactive gaming, and movies.

Given that the fastest cellular 3G speeds available to a cell phone today and forever are around 500 to 700 very expensive kbits/sec means we have a situation.

Almost everyone I see on the street in Indian metros flaunts state-of-the-art cell phones and so I suspect there’re enough such phones around to make my argument. Which is, when was the last time you used this WiFi capability? It’s a safe bet the wireless broadband highway into your mobile phone lies unused while you pay the cellular provider to check email over Blackberry and to download music files. As far as easy online access to YouTube or interactive TV & gaming go, forget about it because 3G or no 3G, cellular technology has no answers. The cellular establishment has circumscribed the user and we’re all culpable for allowing this to happen.

The reason you don’t use the mobile phone’s WiFi feature is because it is intentionally unfriendly but mainly because you are hooked to the cellular service due to its billion dollar mobility feature and that’s where you and your phone lock-on automatically. If ubiquitous mobile true wireless broadband did happen, you’d happily use it instead of buying expensive airtime on souped-up cellular air interfaces poorly suited for data downloads and you’d stop thumbing away on band-aids like Blackberry.

Why is all this so important to a still largely poor country like India? Because India today is in the same ballpark as China when it comes to Internet use. That’s the good news. The sad part is that most Indians still use dial-up and we aren’t close to even being close to China in broadband penetration. Given a proven penchant for mobility and video India however is fertile ground for massive growth in mobile broadband Internet access. The DoT decision favoring the camp opposing precisely this possibility does not help engender critical mass to complete with our giant friend hovering over the Himalayas. Today’s defense is in economic growth which is where more chunks of 2.5 GHz spectrum needs deployment, not in the fastness of South Block.

Early this year the Malaysian Regulator MCMC disallowed Malaysia’s cellular establishment from bidding for wireless broadband. He had good reason for his ruling as the cellular operators has absolutely nothing to show on past wireless broadband commitments.

Belaboring further, Google eyeballed the American cellular mastodon on behalf of ISPs in the current run up to the 2008 FCC auction for nation-wide chunks of 700 MHz. Early August this year the FCC Chairman announced ground rules for the slugfest and while not totally granting Google’s petition enough was ceded to ensure a ‘third pipe’ allowing ISPs a fighting chance to offer ubiquitous, true wireless broadband mobility in the face of a recalcitrant cellular lobby. Here's the point. In America the arguments have advanced to whether a spectrum owner - Telco or ISP, doesn't matter - should have to allow any and all devices to connect unencumbered and whether the owner should be forced to offer wholesale spectrum to other providers. To the cellular estabishments chagrin the FCC is also working with wireless broadband proponents to test devices that would access white (meaning unused) space in TV Broadcast spectrum. Rather than engage the Industry at such sophisticated levels DoT forces Indian ISPs to waste time fighting just to be allowed into the auction room.

what we see is that while regulators elsewhere have cause to suspect the cellular establishment’s bona fides the DoT appears starry eyed in faith and touchingly monogamous in intent.

The DoT may not realize (who am I kidding?) but their decision helps ensure a new much-needed technology doesn’t come in the way of the cellular establishment milking their incumbent networks into near perpetuity.

The preponderance of advantage enjoyed by incumbents means a regulator or deciding body like the DoT fails even if it simply remains scrupulously neutral. Be it the EU, North America, Australia, Malaysia or India for that matter in the past, we see definitive change only happen through rulings that give a real edge to newcomers and ISPs. In fairness, the TRAI’s forward thinking on regulatory matters is only matched by an inability to stand up to the DoT. So the ball being in DoT’s court when one sees it fail even at neutrality to the extent of openly favoring incumbents, attempted flippancy can’t really hide the distaste.

Should however the DoT choose to listen, radical departure from legacy may work wonders for users as well as the industry. That includes the cellular establishment whose own long term interests are ill-served by their present approach. Inviting the ISPs to bid as equals benefits all. One can only hope the DoT does what is best for the Indian consumer and for this wonderful technology that allows us so much magic over the ether.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Braham_Singh

How To Configure Wireless Internet Access For Your Laptop

2007-10-11T09:04:00.000-07:00

Here's what you need to know (and do) to connect your laptop to a wireless network and get Internet access.

First off, let's talk common sense. Before you access any wireless network, especially one in a public place, you must have anti-virus software installed and up-to-date on your laptop. Your laptop should also be current with all Windows Operating System Updates.

That said, the next thing you need is to have a laptop with wireless networking capabilities. If you’re not sure whether yours does, do the following to check it out:

Click on Start | Connect To | Show all connections, or
Click on Start | Settings | (Control Panel) | Network Connections
Under "LAN or High-Speed Internet" you should see a wireless connection icon. (If not, see below about installing a wireless network card).
Assuming you have wireless capabilities, continue on doing the following:
Right-click on the wireless connection icon.
In the pop-up menu, select "View Available Wireless Networks."
In the "Wireless Networking Connection" window, click on the appropriate wireless network.
Check the box that says "Allow me to connect to the selected wireless network."
An icon in the lower right hand corner of your desktop should eventually appear stating that you are connected.
Open your browser and visit any website you want. If authentication is required on the wireless network, you will be redirected automatically to a login page where you'll have to log in using an approved Network User Name/ID and the correct password.

That's all it takes.

Note: If your laptop does not already have built-in wireless networking, you will need to purchase and install, or have installed, a Wireless Networking Card. There are many brands of wireless networking cards. Just make sure you buy a card that is 802.11b or 802.11g compatible. Linksys cards are an excellent choice and I recommend them highly. If you choose another brand, be certain that the card is WiFi Certified. (For a list of 802.11b and 802.11g certified cards, please visit the WiFi Alliance website.)

For more info on Wireless Internet Access For Your Laptop, visit Ara Rubyan's PC Laptops Super Center

Ara Rubyan is computer networking specialist with over ten years of experience in design, implementation and maintenance. He is a certified A+ Hardware tech, a Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer, and a Master Certified Novell Engineer. He also has over 10 years of experience in training design and delivery and has been developing web based training for more than 10 years. His background in training coupled with his IT knowledge means that you can rely on his advice and insight.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Ara_Rubyan

WiMAX vs 3G in Australia - Who Will Reign Supreme

2007-09-21T17:51:00.000-07:00

The past 18 months have seen a significant development in the use of mobile and wireless as an Internet connection technology in Australia. This space was previously dominated by wireless broadband providers, such as Unwired Australia and Personal Broadband Australia offering pre-WiMAX solutions. However, the competitive dynamics changed dramatically in 2006 after 3G services became available from all four mobile operators, which was further accelerated by the introduction of HSDPA or 3.5G services towards the end of 2006 and at the beginning of 2007.
For the first time in 2006, the number of mobile broadband users - those using cellular-based 3G/3.5G for Internet connection - surpassed wireless broadband (pre-WiMAX) users and given current market conditions, Telsyte expects mobile broadband users to outnumber their wireless broadband counterparts by two to one in five years’ time.
Combined, mobile and wireless broadband users will make up 9% of all broadband users in Australia in 2007. By 2011, more than one in five Australian broadband users will rely on either cellular-based or WiMAX-based technology for their high-speed Internet connection.
Delays in the commercialisation of standards-based WiMAX offerings are slowing down the growth of WiMAX in Australia. That has also been exacerbated by the aggressive 3G/3.5G push by the established mobile operators, with much deeper pockets.
Telsyte believes that WiMAX still has a good chance but its window of opportunity is closing. Although wireless broadband in Australia has continued to register impressive growth, expanding 68% in 2006, the user base remains small and coverage limited to major capital cities. Start-up wireless broadband service providers, such as Unwired Australia, BigAir and Personal Broadband Australia, which operate proprietary networks, continue to face a challenging task of having to expand their coverage and recruit customers quickly while maintaining profitability. Many of them are also faced with the challenge of raising capital at the same time.
Some good news is afoot as the long-awaited standards-based WiMAX is expected to debut in the first half of 2008, which should boost market interest in wireless broadband. Standardisation should also translate into lower capex and opex for operators and cheaper CPEs for customers.
With the introduction of WiMAX delayed for almost two years and the rapid HSDPA progress made by mobile operators, WiMAX’s battle against cellular-based 3/3.5G to become the wireless broadband technology of choice is becoming more difficult. Telsyte believes WiMAX has an 18-month window of opportunity until the end of 2008 to prove itself as a viable business or risk going down the path of Australia’s WiFi hotspots, which have essentially become free services in selected locations like airport and hotel lounges or are being made free by various local and state governments.
About the Author
Warren Chaisatien is the Managing Director of Telsyte (http://www.telsyte.com.au), an Australian-based market research and consultancy specialised in the competitive intelligence of the converged communications market. Telsyte’s expertise is centred around the three core competency areas of Carrier & Broadband, Mobile & Wireless, and Enterprise Communications. Telsyte provides industry insights through custom research and consulting as well as ongoing research, including market reports and online databases.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Warren_Chaisatien

VoIP Over WiFi for Businesses: Sending Voice Over the Wireless LAN

2007-09-08T10:49:00.000-07:00

The convergence of data and voice networks in the business environment takes on a new twist with the emergence of wireless networking. The freedom of mobility offered to users in a wireless LAN has proven to provide a noticeable boost in productivity, efficiency, and. employee morale. No longer is the work force tied to their desk when on the job. Workers can access company files and receive important communications from anywhere on the company campus that is in range of a wireless access point.

With voice communications thrown into the mix, mobile users can stay in touch while roaming the property inside or out, and even on the road. The acceptance of the fixed to mobile convergence concept by the telecommunications industry only promises to fuel the fire for the adoption of VoIP over WiFi.

The Challenges of Implementing VoIP over WiFi Networks

As with any emerging technology, there are challenges to overcome. The development of the converged network, i.e. data and voice on the same IP based LAN, while yet to be an established norm, is proving to be beneficial for businesses from both a cost and productivity perspective. Adding the prospect of VoIP over a wireless network brings up a whole new set of issues.
VoIP is a time sensitive technology. Calls must be set up and authenticated, and voice packets must arrive at their destination without interruption and on time. This requires a near continuous network stream, uninterrupted by less sensitive data transmissions. The implementation of Quality of Service techniques on wired LANs assure that these voice packets receive priority, and call quality issues such as latency, jitter, and packet loss have been sufficiently addressed.

Enter the standards based wireless network, a technology in an earlier stage of development, and more challenges occur. While today's wired network provides plenty of bandwidth for both voice and data to coexist, WLANs provide less bandwidth, and Quality of Service issues must be revisited. Security measures such as authentication and encryption must be implemented and can add to the problem by increasing the size of the voice packet. Additionally, users on the move will traverse wireless access points where handoffs must be quick and smooth.

The IEEE 802 standards governing wireless technology are evolving rapidly and promise to deal with a broad spectrum of WiFi issues. Increasing the bandwidth available, prioritizing voice packets for QoS, authentication and encryption protocols for security, and enhanced roaming techniques are all being addressed.

Also in development is the wireless technology commonly known as WiMax, providing for the implementation of high bandwidth wireless communications covering distances of up to 30 miles. The evolution of WiMax could prove of great consequence to developing countries, as well as Metropolitan LANs.

Security in a VoIP/WiFi Network

Companies wishing to implement wVoIP must take security issues into consideration from the start. As in any IP network, the dangers of hackers, denial of service, highjacking and spam, all lurk in the shadows.

Because a wireless network uses radio frequencies as its transmission media, the security normally provided by a firewall in a wired network is not sufficient, simply because of the physics. Whereas to break into a wired LAN requires hackers to either physically be inside the network or to hack in through the Internet, in a WLAN they can grab network transmissions from the air while parked across the street. The security issues that network managers must consider in a VoWLAN are the privacy of conversations, and the protection of the network infrastructure.

For WiFi networks, security has had a shaky start with the implementation of WEP as its security mechanism. WEP provides for authentication and encryption between the user and the access point, and was found to be easily hacked. The 802.11i standard, adopted as WPA2 (Wireless Protected Access), provides for more robust security by requiring two way authentication between the user and the network, and uses AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) as its encryption engine.

As network managers plan the rollout of a wireless VoIP network, the greatest security threat they face is improper implementation. Building security into the design of the initial deployment can, and should affect the network topology, as well as material costs. Failure to do so could lead to further expenses in loss of services and network redesigns in the event of compromise.

WiFi, VoIP, and the Cellular Networks

Manufacturers of cellular devices are incorporating WiFi radios into their handsets at an ever increasing rate. New versions of mobile operating systems are coming out complete with a built in VoIP stack, inviting carriers and manufacturers to add VoIP functionality to their devices. Dual and Quad band cell phones can choose between the strongest network available, cellular or WiFi, and place a call accordingly.

As cell phones become more like mobile offices, the benefits of a mobile work force become apparent. In the case of the road warrior, the ability to communicate via email, text messaging, video or voice, allows them to stay on the road longer without losing touch. In the age of instant information, mobile office applications allow files to be downloaded, edited, and uploaded, increasing the productivity of the traveler to the point where just about anything that can be done in the office can be done on the road.

A cell phone that can switch between cellular and WiFi networks can significantly reduce telecommunications costs at the corporate office. With WiFi hotspots popping up at hotels, cafes, and corporate LANs across the globe, mobile workers can stay in touch with office and family both on and off the job. With the addition of a VoIP service provider, cheaper VoIP calls can be made from any WiFi network at the push of a button.

Imagine, if you will, a future where one phone, with one phone number, can seamlessly traverse cellular networks, WiFi networks, cable and PSTN landlines. Where roaming and switching between disparate networks occur without interruption or loss of call quality. Fixed Mobile Convergence is the buzzword of the decade, and the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) architecture is the standard that promises to get us there.

The goal of IMS is to provide all the services and applications that the Internet provides, both current, and as of yet unimagined. IP based services such as VoIP, Push to talk cellular (POC), videoconferencing, text messaging, community services, presence information and file sharing, are just some of the possibilities. Designed to work with any fixed, mobile or wireless packet switched network, backwards compatibility for the legacy circuit switched phone system is provided through the use of gateways.

Although still in its infancy, IMS is already being implemented by AT&T as the platform in it's newly acquired Cingular cellular network. Interest in investing in a new infrastructure by mobile and fixed operators has been up and down, as they weigh the costs and benefits of the new technology.

As the technology of VoIP over WiFi networks continues to develop, businesses of all sizes can reap the benefits of increased mobility, productivity, and significant cost savings. Standards committees are constantly working on ways to increase security and quality of service, and as fixed mobile convergence gains acceptance in the telecommunications industry, more choices in the services offered and the IP applications available to businesses are sure to follow. What will also be interesting to watch, is how these very bandwidth intensive applications will be priced by the carrier networks, and how it will affect the neutrality of the Internet.

Author Michael Talbert is a certified systems engineer and web designer with over 7 years experience in the industry. For more information on VoIP and WiFi technologies, visit the website VoIP-Facts.net, or the VoIP Facts Blog for up to date industry news and commentary.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Talbert

The Future "Mobile Me" iPod from Apple and Intel

2007-08-27T18:50:00.000-07:00

I was reading an article today and my light bulb finally went on - Blam! I really got how cool the Apple and Intel deal is…

I spend a fair amount of my time working with startups and I am convinced that 95% of innovation occurs in small companies. Only a small percentage of these fledgling companies beat the odds and makes their “cool” idea into a reality. They used to go public but now they mostly get snapped up by bigger companies that are higher up the food chain.

Large companies spend a lot less on research than they did in years past. What little they do invest, they spend on making incremental improvements to existing products. They spend very little on research that is capable of producing major breakthrough results.

I almost forgot that big companies can still put together smart deals that can rock our world. I think that Apple and Intel did just that two years ago.

The breakthrough is not the recently released Mac that now has “Intel inside”, it is the next generation iPod.

The devices that are going to rock your world are the “Mobile Me” devices from Apple. “Mobile Me” is a new trademark that I think, Apple will use to describe new handheld devices that give you almost everything you want, all the time, wherever you want it.

I know what you want is a lot! And Apple is going to give it to you. When they do, I think you will reward Apple with even bigger buckets of your dollars. Why not? If they deliver you a phone + music + email + video + browsing + fast broadband that is easy to use and easy to update; and all for under $500.

Lets look at what Apple and Intel have accomplished:
Music Player: very well done.
Video Player: good start, needs more pixels
Player Content: iTunes is well done, just needs a subscription plan
Cell Phone: weak start, Apple not committed yet, but Intel has can change that
Browsing/Email: not yet an iPod feature, but consider the Intel influence.
Mobile Broadband: Intel is betting the ranch on Wi-Fi and WiMAX

Intel is clearly betting it’s future growth on wireless networking. It blew billions on phone chips with little to show for it, then turned to wireless networking with a passion. A few months ago Intel launched a it’s Digital Communities Initiative, to help cities across the globe build their own wireless broadband networks. Intel is investing money and energy to encourage the spread of Wi-Fi and WiMAX.

While city-wide hotspots are a nice idea for laptop users, their real appeal is to users of a new generation of wireless device users. But wireless networking is based on open standard that is a direct competitor to proprietary cell phone networks. Who is going to build the cool new devices that need the wireless network? Why Apple, of course.

The chip maker can forget about Motorola, Samsung, Erickson, and Nokia competing with their own cell phones. That made Apple look awful good; a perfect choice for building device that really takes advantage of the new WiMAX features.

With the next-gen iPod, you will be able to move away from the download model and subscribe to real time media and entertainment. Forget satellite radio, take your iPod to the park and watch a movie, or listen to music feeds.

Since you are plugged into the net, place all the calls that you like call – after all it’s free. It’s all part of the basic service. If you feel creative, use the integrated camera to video conference with a friend or capture some scenes while you are on vacation to share with your family back home. “Hey honey, look where I did today.... nah, I’m alright, really”.

If you think text blogs are cool, you will love the new generation of real time video iPod blogs. When news breaks you’ll have lots of on scene video blog to choose from to track the breaking news.

Apple + Intel may be big but “Mobile Me” will be truly cool and very disruptive. I know they can make the technology work, lets see if they start spending to defeat the cell phone lobby and get politicians to back municipal WiMAX networks.

John Thomas is an author and business consultant who works with entrepreneurs and business owners. He takes time to pursue his passion for iPods at iPod-Tips.com.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=John_Thomas

Making Older Desktop Pc Wireless

2007-08-20T16:12:00.000-07:00

Okay so your looking for information on making a desktop PC wireless. You'll be happy to know that just about any desktop PC can support a wireless internet connection. Even older desktops can connect to the internet via a wireless internet connection.

First, make sure your desktop PC is in good working order. What I mean by good working order is just to make sure the desktop PC is free of unwanted spyware and other harmful files which could make a desktop computer's wireless connection slow down to a crawl. If you plan on making an older desktop PC wireless then you should really scan your computer for spyware and infections because the last thing you want is something stealing all your system resources when you don't have very much to begin with.

http://www.articlesbase.com/hardware-articles/making-older-desktop-pc-wireless-109353.html
WHATS NEEDED TO MAKE DESKTOP PC WIRELESS

Let's start by assuming you already have an internet service (not dial-up) and are cruising the web with ease. You should have a cable modem connected to your desktop PC. If this is the case, then you're ready to begin your wireless setup. If you don't have an existing internet service and a cable modem then you'd better stop reading this because a wireless internet connection on your desktop PC can't be accomplished legally without them.

MAKING PC WIRELESS - WIRELESS ROUTER

First, before anything, you need to purchase a wireless router. If you've never owned a wireless router before then grabbing the most expensive model probably won't benefit you all that much unless you plan on receiving a wireless internet connection from inside of a multiple story building. In this case a more expensive router will offer a few features that are worth the extra money.

Remember when you go ahead and purchase a wireless router in hopes of making your desktop computer wireless you'll be happy to know that you'll be halfway done with your mission for wireless internet on your desktop. The only thing left is a wireless PC adapter.

MAKING PC WIRELESS - WIRELESS DESKTOP ADAPTERS

It's actually very easy to add a wireless desktop adapter to your comupter's arsenal of computing tools. There are two different types of wireless networking components that you can choose from. They are as follows.

1. Wireless USB adapter

2. Wireless PCI adapter

*both wireless devices are packaged with a setup CD-ROM which quickly installs everything needed to configure and use your PC's wireless internet connection.

A wireless USB adapter is the easiest way to make a desktop PC wireless. The cons of using a wireless USB adapter are the signal strength which is considerably weaker than a wireless PCI card. Most people experience no problems with signal strength as long as they stay within range of the wireless router that's sending out the wireless signal.

Basically, installing a wireless USB adapter plugs into any available USB port. In reality, it only takes a matter of seconds to plug in a USB adapter and start using the internet without the wires.

The second wireless device that can make desktop computers wireless is called a wireless PCI (PCI = white slots inside a computer) card adapter. This device enables high performance wireless connectivity for your desktop PC with extended range.

Installation is not as hard as you might have thought. Simply remove the side panel from your desktop PC and insert the wireless PCI card into any one of the white slots inside. There is only one way the card can be installed. Reading the directions that are included when you purchase your wireless networking device is by far the best thing you can do to ensure a smooth installation and launch of your wireless connection.MAKING DESKTOP PC WIRELESS

MORE WIRELESS HOW TO INFORMATION

In the future I will most likely go into further detail about each networking component. If you have any further question regarding this page on making a desktop PC wireless or any wireless networking questions please check out the Vault Forums.

IPhone-Free Cellphone News

2007-08-14T12:34:00.000-07:00

By DAVID POGUE

Published: July 5, 2007

Man, oh man. How’d you like to have been a PR person making a cellphone announcement last week, just as the iPhone storm struck? You’d have had all the impact of a gnat in a hurricane.

Skip to next paragraph

Stuart Goldenberg

Multimedia

Video

IPhone: The Musical

When used with a T-Mobile phone, the routers made by Linksys, top, and D-Link enhance the HotSpot @Home service.

But hard to believe though it may be, T-Mobile did make an announcement last week. And even harder to believe, its new product may be as game-changing as Apple’s.

It’s called T-Mobile HotSpot @Home, and it’s absolutely ingenious. It could save you hundreds or thousands of dollars a year, and yet enrich T-Mobile at the same time. In the cellphone world, win-win plays like that are extremely rare.

Here’s the basic idea. If you’re willing to pay $10 a month on top of a regular T-Mobile voice plan, you get a special cellphone. When you’re out and about, it works like any other phone; calls eat up your monthly minutes as usual.

But when it’s in a Wi-Fi wireless Internet hot spot, this phone offers a huge bargain: all your calls are free. You use it and dial it the same as always — you still get call hold, caller ID, three-way calling and all the other features — but now your voice is carried by the Internet rather than the cellular airwaves.

These phones hand off your calls from Wi-Fi network to cell network seamlessly and automatically, without a single crackle or pop to punctuate the switch. As you walk out of a hot spot, fewer and fewer Wi-Fi signal bars appear on the screen, until — blink! — the T-Mobile network bars replace them. (The handoff as you move in the opposite direction, from the cell network into a hot spot, is also seamless, but takes slightly longer, about a minute.)

O.K., but how often are you in a Wi-Fi hot spot? With this plan, about 14 hours a day. T-Mobile gives you a wireless router (transmitter) for your house — also free, after a $50 rebate. Connect it to your high-speed Internet modem, and in about a minute, you’ve got a wireless home network. Your computer can use it to surf the Web wirelessly — and now all of your home phone calls are free.

You know how people never seem to have good phone reception in their homes? How they have to huddle next to a window to make calls? That’s all over now. The free router is like a little T-Mobile cell tower right in your house.

Truth is, the HotSpot @Home phones work with any Wi-Fi (802.11b/g) router, including one you may already have. But T-Mobile’s routers, manufactured by D-Link and Linksys, have three advantages.

First, you turn on the router’s encryption — to keep neighbors off your network — by pressing one button, rather than having to fool with passwords. Second, these routers give priority to calls, so that computer downloads won’t degrade your call quality. Third, T-Mobile’s routers greatly extend the phone’s battery life. The routers say, in gadgetese, “I’m here for you, any time,” just once, rather than requiring the phone to issue little Wi-Fi “Are you there?” pings every couple of minutes.

T-Mobile was already a price leader in the cellphone game. But the HotSpot @Home program can be extremely economical, in four ways.

SAVING NO. 1 It’s not just your calls at home that are free; you may also get free calls at your office, friends’ houses, library, coffee shops and so on — wherever Wi-Fi is available. You can access both unprotected and password-protected Wi-Fi networks (you just enter the password on the phone’s keypad).

The phone has a built-in Search for Networks feature. Once you select a wireless network, the phone memorizes it. The next time you’re in that hot spot, you’re connected silently and automatically.

There’s one big limitation to all this freeness: these phones can’t get onto any hot spot that require you to log in on a Web page (to enter a credit card number, for example). Unfortunately, this restriction rules out most airports and many hotel rooms.

There’s one exception — or, rather, 8,500 of them: T-Mobile’s archipelago of hot spots at Starbucks, Borders and other public places. In these places you encounter neither the fee nor the Web-page sign-in that you would encounter if you were using a laptop; the words “T-Mobile Hot Spot” simply appear at the top of your screen, and you can start making free calls.

The cool part is that, depending on how many calls you can make in hot spots, the Wi-Fi feature might permit you to choose a much less expensive calling plan. If you’re a heavy talker, you might switch, for example, from T-Mobile’s $100 plan (2,500 minutes) to its $40 plan (1,000 minutes). Even factoring in the $10 HotSpot @Home fee, you’d still save $600 a year.

Looking at Different Belkin Wireless Network Cards

2007-08-12T21:53:00.000-07:00

Before you buy a Belkin wireless network card, you really ought to gather information first. By asking people for their opinions and reading reviews, you would be able to save a lot of time on deciding later. You will also be able to separate the hype from the truth. In doing so, you will be able to make sure that you make a decision which you will not regret later. Here are some facts about Belkin wireless network cards to help you get started:

N1 wireless adapter – This Belkin wireless network card is actually sold as a companion to the N1 router, which is Belkins' first 802.11n product. The N11 wireless adapter is actually pretty easy to install since the software driver that comes with it is pretty straightforward with easy-to-understand instructions. Another great thing about this Belkin wireless network card is the fact that it actually costs less than its other-branded counterparts. Let's not kid ourselves: we all like being able to save cash on a purchase.

However, there are a few disadvantages to this Belkin wireless network card as well. One of the most noticeable would be the fact that it doesn't actually take advantage of the 802.11n technology. This means people might be expecting a lot more than what this product delivers. Sure, it performs just as well as other products, but that really isn't much, is it?

Wireless G plus MIMO notebook card – This Belkin wireless network card is quite disappointing when you compare it to the performance of other products in the Belkin line. Basically, this Belkin wireless network card just performs a lot slower than its predecessors –proving that "new" doesn't necessarily mean "better". The wireless G plus MIMO notebook card installs easily and can be configured quite well because of the included tools. However, these advantages are overshadowed by this Belkin wireless network card's shortcomings performance-wise.

The bottom line is, if you truly want to go with the brand, you are better off buying other models.

Pre-N PC card – This Belkin wireless network card is quite fast. We all know that what people look for the most in a network adapter is fast performance. This Belkin wireless network card also has a great range which means that, with this product, wireless does mean freedom. A lot of wireless network cards today claim to bring you freedom through wireless technology when in fact, the range of the adapters virtually confines you.

With this Belkin wireless network card, you also get easy, hassle- free installation. You just insert the accompanying installation disk, follow the wizard, and voila –you're done!

Of course, this convenience cannot come free. One thing you have to know about this Belkin wireless network card is the fact that compared to other products, it can be quite pricey. However, you need to learn how to recognize a good investment when you see it and this is definitely a good investment.

Wireless notebook 54 Mbps – This Belkin wireless network card is designed specifically for notebooks. If you want your laptop to have the power of high-speed wireless network access, then this is the card for you. It is actually quite cheap at just 35 dollars, but it packs quite a punch. Of course, the performance of this Belkin wireless network card does suffer when used in a mixed-mode environment but on the whole, it can be a worthy investment.

Rajesh Karavadia owns http://www.thewirelessnetworkdesign.com, providing information on wireless network setup and wireless network security

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Rajesh_Karavadia

Setting Up your Wireless Home Security Cameras

2007-08-06T10:50:00.000-07:00

There are all sorts of cameras that can be used in the improvement of security around the house. They come in all shapes and sizes. Wireless home security cameras are probably the best ones to come out in the security industry because they can be hidden in any space that they can fit into. They can still work too as long as the space does not interfere with or block the signal the wireless home security cameras transmit to the computer or console they are connected to.

Fool Them

Since wireless home security cameras can be set up just about anywhere and made to look like anything, pick objects that you think people will not figure for a camera. For example, you may want to disguise your wireless home security cameras inside stuffed toys and place them around the house. Burglars will not want to take things that are of no value and stuffed toys look harmless so they will not think for a minute that the eyes of a stuffed toy were actually replaced with wireless home security cameras. You can also attach these wireless home security cameras to objects like lamps or on bookshelves; anything that conceals them from the naked eye. The more creative you are in hiding the wireless home security cameras, the more careless burglars will be because they will continue rummaging through your home not thinking that they are being recorded at all.

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Dummy Cams

You can also fool people into thinking that you are using more wireless home security cameras than you have installed. For example, you might have one or two wireless home security cameras monitoring your home. But you can also install dummy cameras. These cameras look exactly like cameras and you can set them up all around the house. People will think twice when seeing these cameras pointed in their direction. All the while, the real cameras are actually installed in places where these dummy cameras are not. These real cameras will be recording the areas that really need protecting from intruders. This is a great way to maintain obedience within your house so that nothing goes missing and people will feel that they are watched and so they will behave. Dummy cameras can also be set up outside the house in the yard or backyard to ward off burglars who will see them and think that they cannot break into your home.

Wireless home security cameras are improving each day. A new feature is added with each release of the newer technology. Today’s wireless home security cameras are so efficient that they can even record in the dark and in full color. This is a feature called night vision. Originally night vision could only record images that would come out greenish in color. With that said, imagine just how advanced wireless home security cameras will be in the future as they get smaller and more configurable so that you can use them in any way that you want.
http://www.articlesbase.com/home-security-articles/setting-up-your-wireless-home-security-cameras-172123.html

Free Reverse Directory For Phone Number Lookup Benefits

2007-07-31T22:33:00.000-07:00

Free reverse directory for phone number lookup can provide us with a lot of information that can be very useful. Nowadays we are to a greater extent overwhelmed by various new ways of communication. With just one simple touch of a button we can send emails, call people around the world, and locate the phone numbers, names and addresses of people living across the world.

Most recent additions to the info investigation method is the Free reverse directory for phone number lookup, offered by numerous cell phone companies.

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In what ways can we benefit from free reverse directory for phone number lookup? Through a normal phone directory assistance service, all of us are skilled enough to utilize a persons name or address to find a phone number.

You can on the other hand, get a persons name or address by means of a cellular or regular phone number that you currently have.

If you have a phone number on hand, you can look for it by searching on the internet, and in any case, whether it is a regular or cell phone, you are going to be able to find the phones owner identity.

Other info can additionally be gained by using a variety of agencies and for varying charges. For example if you wish to find out more about a person you plan on hiring in your company, you can make use of investigative agencies to inquire about not merely the persons name associated with phone number, but additionally you may find out background information, like for example prior legal issues or current warrants.

You can like wise come across information about employment location and contact info, in addition to family record and other even more uncomfortable info.

Then again large parts of the free reverse directory for phone number lookup is limited as a result of privacy laws imposed by the federal government.

Financial information are impossible to be found merely by way of reverse cell phone lookup, and, should the phone owner chooses to go for an number that is unlisted, nearly all of the personal information is going to be also exceptionally complicated or even totally impossible to unearth.

If that is the case, you are going to have to search for a professional search company to aid you in finding additional information regarding the person in question. The good side to this is that, with the recent development of internet, this sort of companies are no longer tough to hire or expensive.

Like all the other older phone assistant services, the reverse cell phone lookup assistance is not ideal, however the additional plus of this service is that is a valuable fund of broad-spectrum personal information under specific situations.

By upholding safeguards such as discretion restrictions the pros of free reverse directory for phone number lookup will considerably outweigh its bad sides for years to come, building a wonderful source for obtaining personal info.

Reverse Phone Lookup is the site dedicated to make it easier for you to get the most out of your free reverse phone number search Visit us and get little know tips that will help you to get a hold of all the info you require.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Toni_Rok

Extending The Range Of Wireless Networks

2007-07-27T22:15:00.005-07:00

Although a wireless transmitter is limited in its range, wireless extension points can be installed to boost its signal and make the range of the network much larger. These wireless extension points are commonly known as repeaters.

Several companies have started to manufacture wireless repeaters, despite the fact that these devices are not part of the wireless standard. Wireless repeaters are designed to resolve certain problems with wireless coverage. The further away you are from where the wireless signal originates, the weaker the signal becomes. Eventually, you can't receive the signal at all, regardless of what equipment you have. The problem is sometimes addressed by running wires out as far as the network coverage is desired, and then have it 'break out' into wireless every now and then using a wireless access point. This is generally more trouble than it is worth, since the idea behind a wireless network is to avoid installing wires! Wireless repeaters resolve the problem in a much better way.

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Wireless repeaters work as a relay, taking existing wireless signals and making them stronger. This makes the range of a signal bigger each time. If the repeaters are placed correctly, you can move computers a considerable distance from the wired portion of the network, the router or access point, for example, without failure. The single requirement of this arrangement is that the extension points must overlap; a repeater can't repeat signals that it doesn't receive. Since wireless networking signals are essentially radio signals, repeaters take all the radio signals they receive on a specific frequency and use their power to amplify the signals and rebroadcast them. The signal is not degraded in this process, so it can be repeated as many time as required.

Theoretically, wireless repeaters could be placed in a line for several miles, extending the network out that far, and because these extension points don't need complicated computer technology to operate, they are much cheaper than routers or access points. Some companies combine repeaters and direction antennas to link to LANs that are several miles apart. This is a cheaper method than worrying about connecting over the Internet or installing their own underground lines. In the future, repeater technology could create wireless networks that cover entire cities.

As a consumer, you are currently limited to getting your repeater from large manufacturing firms such as Linksys and D-Link. These companies call their repeaters by different names, including Linksys' Range Expander and D-Link's Range Extender. There are several issues to consider when buying a wireless extension point. The most important is to make sure that it is compatible with the equipment you have. Because there is no standard for wireless extension points, you're better off staying with the same company that makes the rest of your equipment or at least investigate whether any new equipment will work with your system. You should also find out whether an extension point has any Ethernet ports. While it isn't necessary that this is included, it is useful if you want to connect the extension to a wired network. This issue arises basically if you want to connect two LANs in a wireless manner.
http://www.articlesbase.com/technology-articles/extending-the-range-of-wireless-networks-47797.html

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Tips For Improving A Wireless Home Network

2007-07-27T22:15:00.003-07:00

A basic WiFi home network can be assembled fairly quickly. However, many homeowners aren't aware of all the options available for making their network better. The wireless network can have its capability, performance and security improved. Consider these tips for improving your wireless home network.

1. Upgrade or replace with correct hardware

In addition to the basic WiFi equipment such as the router and the wireless card, which may be upgraded with newer, faster or more compatible equipment as it comes on the market, other wireless gear such as video cameras, game adaptors and print servers are fun to consider. Do the research and get the best quality equipment for a good price.

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2. Install the access point strategically

Assembly of the wireless home network can be done easily-so easily in fact that some people rush into the project only to discover that it won't work in parts of the residence. Or, perhaps the network works just great until it crashes every time a cordless telephone or microwave is activated. So non-techies are afraid to try to fix the poor performance of the network because they might make it worse. By moving the wireless router or access point to another location, many of these common WiFi networking problems will be solved.

3. Change the channel number

Another tip for improving a wireless home network is to vary the channel used. In the United States, as well as in most other nations, WiFi equipment can send signals on a variety of channels. Wireless routers usually are shipped with a default channel and many homeowners do not realize it can be changed. If the neighbor's router or other electronic equipment causes radio interference, try changing the WiFi channel.

4. Upgrade access point firmware

The built-in programmable software of the wireless router or access point is called the firmware. The factory installed firmware typically works for a time, but usually needs to be upgraded or replaced periodically to get improved performance, more reliability or security enhancements.

5. Improve strength and range of the access point

Sometimes the wireless signal of the WiFi router or access point is just not strong enough. This can be caused by distances or home construction features such as brick walls. In order to solve the problem the WiFi antenna on the router can be upgraded or a wireless repeater can be installed.

6. Improve strength and range of WiFi clients

The signal strength of WiFi clients can also be improved. When treating a WiFi client that has a short range in comparison to the other devises, you may want to choose this option. This same method can improve laptop computer's ability to connect to hotspots.

7. Improve wireless network security

Many homeowners consider their wireless network a success when basic file and Internet connection sharing are functional. However, if proper security features are not in place, the work of network setup remains unfinished.

While the basic setup and equipment of the wireless network may be perfectly satisfactory to the homeowner, part of the fun of technology is the opportunity to make good better and better best.
http://www.articlesbase.com/computers-articles/tips-for-improving-a-wireless-home-network-87098.html

Sprint Nextel Goes to the Wimax

2007-07-27T22:15:00.001-07:00

Why WiMax?
But the advantage of Mobile WiMax isn’t just that individual download speeds will rise. It’s that Sprint’s virtual “pipes” will be able to support more simultaneous users at less cost, West said, and that WiMax chips cost “around 1/10″ the price of those of competing technologies.

Sprint will deploy WiMax on 2.5 Ghz spectrum covering 85% of the nation’s top 100 markets. West said Sprint also looked at Flarion’s Flash-OFDM technology (which we reviewed when Nextel tested it in North Carolina) and IPWireless’ UMTS-TDD technology, but neither were good fits.

Flash-OFDM “worked extremely well … [but] it’s only available in what’s called frequency division duplexing, and the spectrum we own is more conducive to time division duplexing,” West said. UMTS-TDD, meanwhile, didn’t have the “ecosystem” Sprint was looking for.

WiMax has traditionally been considered a competitor to cable Internet access for homes. But Sprint’s joint ventures with major cable companies, including Time Warner and Comcast, will continue, Forsee said, with the cable companies having the option to participate in 4G.
http://www.articlesbase.com/online-promotion-articles/sprint-nextel-goes-to-the-wimax-122310.html

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Wireless Routers - Some Disadvantages

2007-07-20T11:12:00.002-07:00

Wireless routers allow flexibility and freedom for many internet users. With Wi-Fi, a person can sit at a coffee shop and start surfing the web as if they were connected to a phone jack or cable at home. Even today, some towns are going completely wireless so that anyone within the vicinity can access the net for free.

But with all the advantages that wireless routers provide there are things we should be mindful of when we decide to plug in the router. Wireless routers are not necessarily without their flaws. Here are few things to keep in mind.

If a person were to connect directly to the internet with a cable and compare that with the same connection, but with a wireless router, there would be a noticeable difference. The wireless connection will be slightly slower than the direct connection. The reason is simple; a Wi-Fi transmits through the air and there's some degradation with this medium. It's like comparing television reception between cable and antennas. Cable is obviously faster.

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Possibly a huge concern with wireless routers and Wi-Fi is the encryption protocols. In some public Wi-Fi places (such as a local café), the transmission is encryption free. This means that all of your private data stored in your laptop or PDA will be exposed to anyone in the same vicinity. It's possible that an unscrupulous person could obtain passwords and important personal information.

An older protocol for wireless routers is the Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP). Although it does have a level of encryption, the encryption can be easily compromised. The problem has caused a number of wireless router owners to upgrade to WPA and WPA2 encryption protocols.

With the increasing Wi-Fi hotspots in the neighborhood, Wi-Fi pollution is becoming more apparent. Sometimes stores or organizations will broadcast over the same channel, causing interference and lack of access points. Cities are just noticing this problem as more users are jumping into the wireless realm.

Other devices and equipment can also contribute to the pollution. Studies have shown that Bluetooth devices, cordless phones and microwave ovens all contribute to interference of public wireless transmissions. This is a known problem in high-density areas such as cities with many access points.

Wireless routers do not have a limitless range. As such, the broadcasting radius could be limited to just a 150 to 300 ft. If you want to improve the range, you'd have to purchase Wi-Fi antennas.

The wireless Wi-Fi realm is different to other mediums such as Bluetooth. The power consumption is much greater for devices using Wi-Fi through a wireless router or access point. People who use PDAs or laptops will burn through battery power.

Another problem is that for countries all over the world, you'll find differing spectrum assignments. The lack of consistency has caused problems for internet users traveling from country to country. In some instances, governments may prohibit use of certain channels or require special authorization.

There are many disadvantages of wireless routers and Wi-Fi, but the disadvantages should not necessarily stop a person to use the service. Consider the pros and cons of the wireless realm first before jumping into the world wide web.

Michael Russell Your Independent guide to Routers

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Russell

Wireless Routers - Freedom For Internet Users

2007-07-20T11:12:00.001-07:00

As you read this article, you may be attached to a computer that's available only in, say, your living room or bedroom. Want to run a computer or laptop anywhere in the house? Consider a wireless router.

A wireless router is network device that allows you, through the use of wireless access points (WLAN), to connect various computers to the internet without a cable. Essentially, the wireless router allows freedom for a number of internet users.

There are clear advantages to the wireless router. The word "wireless" is what it's all about. Think of a computer connected to a cable or phone line. You can sense that the machine is tethered to a wall or fixture. This means you'll be spending a lot of time on a seat (perhaps an uncomfortable one) to access websites or do work.

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With the advent of the wireless router, internet users can easily roam throughout the house or building and not remain connected to a phone jack or cable modem. This means if you're working in the kitchen, you can move your laptop and find your favorite recipes. Or, if you like working outside, you'll be able to go out to the deck without worrying about outdoor cables. If you're in the mood for gourmet coffee, you can now head to the local café and surf while you're waiting for the drink to brew. Now, even airports allow folks to wait and surf online without wires. The locations are almost endless. As long as a wireless router can be placed, you can be logged in and surfing the net.

Not being tethered to a wall might also have some benefits if you're a self-employed businessman or an employee. Think about having a virtual office in almost any location. With stores and services that have wireless routers, you can easily set up shop at a convenient restaurant like Panera, or even McDonalds. Or, for cities and towns with wireless capabilities, access will free you from the confines of a small office or cubicle. More and more jobs are now providing employees with the chance to work from home.

Even for sales forces, an employee can go from location to location without the need to return to headquarters. Since a person can have a virtual office at the nearest Starbucks, sales reporting and other business updates can be handled through a PDA or laptop. This means less time spent at the office and more time spent on the sales effort.

Wireless routers can allow not just computer freedom, but even wifi phones. Wifi phones are phones that can use wireless technology to transmit voice like a cell phone. Instead of using cellular technology to make a call, wifi phones give the same freedom as a cell phone. In some cases, the calls are free since it's using the internet to transmit the calls. Popular wifi phones through services like Skype are becoming wildly popular.

With the help of wireless routers, our lives can become easier and more convenient. We can go anywhere without the restrictions of wires to access the internet.

Michael Russell Your Independent guide to Routers

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Russell

Understanding Battery Life - Part 2

2007-07-20T11:11:00.003-07:00

In my previous installment of Understanding Battery Life we reviewed what battery life means; how battery life is measured; what factors determine and impact battery life; and finally when do batteries begin to lose life. In part 2 of Understanding Battery Life we will look at a battery's internal design. A battery design is an important foundation on understanding battery life because of the fact that a battery is a consumable product (a batteries internal chemical is consumed upon activation) and that this consumption shortens the batteries life over time.

Therefore to know what the maximum potential of a battery is (the starting point) before the battery is ever consumed is good because once a battery is used even once a battery begins a gradual degradation to the point of no longer being able to power a device (typically about 80% of the batteries capacity - less than 80% capacity is often times too low for a device to recognize the battery).

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Initial Technical Ratings

The initial technical ratings of a battery are the specs (the technology) that define the battery. They are represented in most battery websites as the voltage, mAh (battery amperage/capacity), and battery chemistry. There is much that can be written, and has been written, about each of these factors individually; however, what is key to know about the battery’s technical specs is that they were all decided upon prior to the production of the battery and predestined to operate at specific power levels. Knowing this allows the buyer and seller of a battery to understand in advance how the battery will perform, thus disclosing upfront the capability of the battery.

A battery’s design is a compilation of several required parameters.

Battery Voltage
Battery Current
Battery Capacity
Battery Chemistry
Battery Temperature
Battery Protection Circuitry
Battery Smart Technology

Before we begin I want to note that Battery Protection Circuitry and Battery Smart Technology require minimal battery usage and although critical components of battery design it is not germane to battery life in great quantity and therefore will not be discussed in this article. I do have more info available on my blog which can be accessed from the links at the end of this article.

Battery Voltage

Critical to battery design is to know how much voltage is required? Voltage is the electrical measure of energy. To know the voltage requirements we need to know the upper and lower voltage range (nominal range).

Battery Current

The second critical key component to battery design is the battery’s current requirements. PDAs, MP3s and other portable devices, for the most part, utilize a constant power discharge to operate. This means that the amount of current will increase as the battery discharges electricity in order to maintain constant power. So we will need to ultimately know the maximum current required. This is important since knowing the max current requirement will influence the necessary protection of chemistry, circuitry, wire, and capacity amongst others. Again we must know the current requirement over the entire nominal voltage range of the battery including start-up currents, surges (intermittent transient pulses). One other important aspect to know about current requirements is the inert current drain of the device. Devices, even when powered down, require small amounts of current to power memory, switches and component leakage.

Battery Capacity

The third key component to know of internal battery design is the necessary battery capacity and runtime. This will define the overall physical size of the battery. Capacity and runtime is measured in Amperes.

Battery Chemistry

When we consider the design capacity we must determine the chemical needed to insure that the necessary runtime will be met. Lithium is used because of its electrochemical properties. Lithium is part of the alkali family of metals a group of highly reactive metals. Lithium reacts steadily with water. In addition the per unit volume of lithium packs the greatest energy density and weight available for this grouping of reactive metals.

Battery Temperature

Ambient operational temperatures are also important because the internal heat of the battery compartment will dramatically affect the life of a battery. Usage and storage patterns are external effect that will also affect battery life and are the responsibility of a user (for example do not leave your device in a hot car with the windows rolled up, or take your device into a sauna).

In my next segment on Understanding Battery Life we will look at two other aspects of battery life and that is how individual usage and internal technical factors affect battery life.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Dan_Hagopian

Understanding Battery Life - Part 1

2007-07-20T11:11:00.001-07:00

Mobile Computing users (people that use laptops, PDAs, and Smartphones) have one thing in common and that is they all use batteries to power their device. When considering a battery purchase most mobile computing users seek to find the answer to one of the following questions if not all (questions of which relate to the battery); the questions are:

What does the life of the battery mean? How is battery life measured? What factors determine battery life? When does the battery begin to lose life? What factors shorten battery life? Is it better to buy a long life battery?

In part 1 of this article series let’s look at the meaning of battery life; how battery life is measured; what factors determine battery life and finally when do batteries begin to lose life.

What does the life of the battery mean?

Battery life is the term that is often used when we speak about how long a battery can last (other terms we often use when speaking about battery life is battery capacity, battery runtime, battery mAh, battery milliamp rating, and battery playtime). All these terms speak about the life of the battery – how long the battery will power my PDA (or other mobile computing device) before I have to recharge.

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How is battery life measured?

Battery life is a measurement of capacity. What is Battery Capacity? Battery capacity is a reference to the total amount of energy stored within a battery. Battery capacity is rated in Ampere-hours (AH), which is the product of:

AH= Current X Hours to Total Discharge

What factors determine battery life?

The duration of the battery charge is governed by five factors including:

Physical Size - the amount of capacity that can be stored in the casing of any battery depends on the volume and plate area of the actual battery. The more volume and plate area the more capacity you can actually store in a battery.

Temperature - capacity, or energy stored, decreases as a battery gets colder. High temperatures also have an effect on all other aspects of your battery.

Cut off Voltage - To prevent damage to the battery and the device, batteries have an internal mechanism that stops voltage called the cut-off voltage, which is typically limited to 1.67V or 10V for a 12 Volt battery. Letting a battery self-discharge to zero destroys the battery.

Discharge rate - The rate of discharge, the rate at which a battery goes from a full charge to the cut off voltage measured in amperes. As the rate goes up, the capacity goes down.

Battery History - Deep discharging, excessive cycling, age, over charging, under charging, all reduce capacity. Note charging your battery 1 time will reduce capacity as much as 15%-20% depending on your battery's chemistry.

When does the battery begin to lose life?

A battery begins to lose life the very moment is used. Let’s clarify a little more so that we are clear with what that technically means! A new battery is NOT: a battery that was charged, connected to a device, been opened from its wrapping or chemically activated in any way. Now be very careful with any assumption you may have where a battery could still be considered new even after it was charged, connected to a device, been opened from its wrapping or chemically activated in any way. Why?

Inside the battery itself is a system designed to produce a chemical reaction. The chemical reaction is designed for a single purpose: to create an electron flow (i.e. electricity) by which the device is powered. The electron flow is measured (or moves at speeds) in amperes, where 1 ampere is the flow of 62,000,000,000,000,000,000 electrons per second! Therefore once the chemical is activated and the flow of electrons takes place, even for a second, then the loss of power and battery degradation begins and there is no stopping it. Once battery degradation begins a battery is considered used and its natural life will deplete in a matter of time.

One note is that a battery only need be connected to a device or have its connectors touched to effectively create a closed circuit for the chemical to potentially activate, at which point of course the battery life will begin to deplete.

In part 2 of the article on Battery life we will look at the factors that shorten the battery life and whether it is better to buy a long life battery or a lesser capacity battery.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Dan_Hagopian

10 Important Tips to Finding the Best Laptop

2007-07-20T11:10:00.003-07:00

Taking the time to review laptops is time well spent especially when wanting to have the best working laptop for all your specific needs.

When reviewing consider these things;

1. Screen - What are you looking for in the Screen., is it resolution, size, definition.

2. Portability - Are you carrying it around a campus or is it mainly home and hotel?

3. Speed - Laptops are generally 20-30% slower that Stationary Computer with the same features. If speed is a necessity be sure to check out details such as; CPUs, motherboards, hard drives, and video systems. These all contribute to the speed loss.

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4. Upgradability - Likely there will not be a lot that You can upgrade on your laptop so it is good to know what you need for the long run. Upgrades can be pricey and some almost not worth getting when You could just get a whole new laptop…so get a good one to start.

5. Memory – This is So Important! Most lower-priced laptops are sold with 128 MB of system memory (RAM). That is not enough for running applications efficiently under Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows Me, Windows 2000, and Windows XP. If you use your laptop for occasional typing and web surfing you could get along with 128 MB of RAM but you are likely to be much happier with 256 MBs. As well Power users would benefit from a notebook with at least 512 MB or more.

6. Batteries - Lithium batteries are superior to others.

7. Hard Drives - 20 GB is a minimum. Of course as they say, larger is better.

8. Hardware - (DVD/MPEG-2) - All DVD drives rely on MPEG graphics compression to display video. The present standard is called MPEG-2.

9. MPEG-2 compression can be provided by software which is slow or by hardware which is fast. Needless to say, hardware MPEG-2 is more desirable, and will provide a smoother playback. Hardware MPEG-2 is a video chip function in laptops.

10. Expense - Laptop computers can cost almost twice as much as similarly equipped desktops. You can actually purchase two comparably equipped desktops for the price of one laptop. So if you have to have a computer in two separate places, you would be better off with two desktops. As well if they were reasonably close together you could connect them together in a wired or wireless local area network (LAN). Buying a laptop is great if you are on the go. The more you need in it the more you’ll pay but it will be worth it!

Tamara Williams is a successful author and regular contributor for Cheap Laptops. A resource featuring tips, advice on buying a laptop and caring for it.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Tamara_Williams

Buying a Refurbished Dell Laptop

2007-07-20T11:10:00.001-07:00

Dell offers a full line of refurbished laptops on their website, dell.com. Look for “Outlet Refurbished Laptops.” There you will find a full range of popular models that run just as reliably as a new machine – for hundreds of dollars less than you would pay for new versions. This is because Dell refurbished laptops are inspected for “good-as-new” quality. The only differences are the red label on the bottom of the unit and a lower price.

Dell’s most popular refurbished laptops are Latitude and Inspiron. The Latitude series of “notebook” computers is no longer manufactured, but is still a great buy for someone looking for an up-to-date machine. Latitude is an apt name for these models: they afford you great leeway in updating, expanding, or otherwise changing the internal workings of the computer. With its black chassis and clean lines, it is a rather “normal” looking computer. It is a middleweight unit, but sized to fit any standard laptop case, along with AC/DC adaptor, mouse, floppy and zip disks, and other accessories. The Dell Latitude C600, CPX, and L400 are the three most popular models in the line.

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The Inspiron series of notebook computers is still manufactured today, with some modifications. Slightly older versions are still a great way to meet all your computer needs. Inspirons are not quite as expandable as Latitudes, but, with their jazzy black-and-silver chassis, have a distinctive look. Inspiron laptops are also a bit more affordable than Latitudes. Furthermore, Inspiron ranks among the highest performing laptops available, with famously long battery life The Dell Inspiron 1100 and 1150 are the two most common models in the line of refurbished laptops at Dell.

If you are looking to get the lowest price on a Dell laptop, look for one that uses a Celeron processor instead of an Intel. Celeron is less expensive, and also uses less battery juice, than Intel.

Refurbished Laptops Info provides detailed information on quality, cheap refurbished laptops by manufacturers like Dell, IBM, Toshiba, and HP, as well as refurbished laptop batteries and related products. Refurbished Laptops Info is the sister site of Rack Mount Computers Web.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Max_Bellamy

How To Find The Best Laptop Deals

2007-07-20T11:09:00.002-07:00

Finding a special laptop deal or price is within every shopper's reach. It's mainly knowing where to look!

Simple as that statement may sound, many people in the market for a new or used laptop don't know where to look for that special laptop or notebook deal. They simply don't know how to proceed or what steps they should take to find the laptop deals that do exist, sometimes right in they very own neighborhood.

Simple shopping tips or advice that may take 100s off the price of a new or used laptop. Most of these shopping tips or guidelines fall within the realm of common sense. Common procedures that will reduce the price tag on your next laptop purchase.

Here's a short run down on some shopping tips you can try:

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Use The Internet

Your neighborhood is the whole world. We are no longer confined to a small shopping location or area. We have the whole world at our disposal because of the Internet. Use it!

Use the Internet to find online stores, information, special deals or offers. Use Froogle! Its a great starting point. Use online notebook guides to find the top rated laptops, many of these sites will also have special deals or links. These sites know their laptops -- use their knowledge and expertise to find the right notebook computer for you.

Comparison Shop

Perhaps, one of the best ways to get a great bargain, is to Comparison Shop to compare different products and prices. Again, the Internet is ideally designed to give you mass amounts of data and information. It makes comparison shopping a real breeze. Use online sites like Pricerunner.com, PriceGrabber.com, NextTag.com, Shopping.com and don't forget Google's Froogle.com!

These comparison shopping sites will list the best laptop deals and prices for you. More importantly, they will also rate the service and support given by each of these online stores. Very important when you're buying online. Make sure you check out the store's warranties, return policies, service records and customer ratings.

Refurbished Laptops

The real special deals are reserved for refurbished laptops. Many times you can get a great laptop at a very reduced price by purchasing a refurbished laptop. Make sure you get a warranty or buy extra warranty, even then the price will still be worth your while. You can buy a refurbished laptop for a fraction of its original price. Check online for sites selling refurbished laptops or check your local dealer.

Make sure the dealer is legitimate, and watch out for stolen laptops. Be extra careful to get the needed warranties, bill of sales, etc. when buying a refurbished laptop.

Close-out Sales, Liquidation

Keep your eyes peeled for close-out, fire, and liquidation sales. Laptop technology is changing at a fast pace, many lines are discontinued to make room for newer inventory with the latest technology. Many of these close-out sales will offer great laptops at reduced prices.

Don't Forget eBay

The shopping Mecca of the modern era; don't forget to check out eBay. You may find some very special deals. Again, make sure you check out the seller's past history.

Coupons

Mail-in rebates, coupons, online special deals -- all these offer great savings to the observant shopper. Don't buy a laptop until your have searched for coupons or discounts, special deals and the like. Dell is famous for its coupons. Don't buy a Dell Laptop without using one of these coupons. You will save 100s off the price of your laptop.

Other notebook makers such as Toshiba, Apple, Sony... offer great online deals and discounts... search for these before you purchase your laptop.

Don't Forget To Haggle

If you're buying a laptop from your local dealer, don't always take the sticker price as gospel. Ask for a special deal, you may be pleasantly surprised at the savings. This works best with independent dealers who can offer you a special deal. If you're a regular customer, the better the deal you should demand!

In conclusion, just use some common sense before you buy your laptop. Use the Internet to check out and comparison shop for the best laptop deals. Use coupons and mail-in rebates whenever possible. Watch out for great close-out, or liquidation sales and don't forget to check out refurbished laptops. Last, but not least, if you get the chance, don't forget to haggle. It's a centuries old technique that still works. It may just get you the best laptop deal.

For a whole range of Laptop Deals and Discount Coupons - Visit This Link: Dell Notebook Coupons

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Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Titus_Hoskins

What is Mobile Computing

2007-07-20T11:09:00.001-07:00

Mobile computing refers to the use of small and portable computing devices in wireless enabled networks that provide wireless connections to a central main server. These devices include laptops, notebook PCs, tablet PCs, palmtops, personal digital assistant (PDAs) and other hand held devices. A radio-signaling device is installed inside these devices for receiving and transmitting electronic data.

Wireless networks use Wi-Fi(wireless fidelity) technology for providing network coverage to offices, public places, and other small workplaces. A wireless access point device is used to provide wire free network coverage in the designated area. An access point device that is built on 802.11b and 802.11g IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) standards transmits data at 2.4 GHz whereas devices that comply with 802.11a standards transmit at 5 GHz.

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WiMax (Wireless Interoperability for Microwave Access) technology represents the next generation of wireless networking and can transmit data up to a distance of forty-eight km. It can provide a maximum networking speed of seventy Mbps. It provides much better facilities than Wi-Fi such as higher bandwidth and high data security by using enhanced encryption schemes. It can provide service in both Line Of Sight (LOS) and Non-Line Of Sight (NLOS) locations, but range may vary accordingly. WiMax supports several communication protocols, and can act as the backbone network for an ISP(Internet service provider) as well as telecom service provider.

Mobile computing devices can use any of these networks to access the Internet or connect to a LAN( local area network) or WAN(wide area network) server. They use networking software for adjusting device settings to suit specific network requirements.

Mobile computing has enabled users to remain connected while on the move. High end users can opt for satellite based networking which provides wireless connectivity anywhere in the world. However, this technology is costly and will take many years to become as affordable as Wi-Fi and WiMax.

Mobile Computing provides detailed information on Mobile Computing, Mobile Computing Networks, Mobile Computing Solutions, Mobile Computing Devices and more. Mobile Computing is affiliated with Womens Laptop Cases.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Richard_Romando

The Future of Wireless Communications and Broadband Internet Access

2007-07-16T18:29:00.000-07:00

Last mile communications have been the most talked about feature over the past decade, as it really had a very thin line separating the consumers from the technology. That is the reason why last mile communications to home and most business establishments did not employ optical fibers due to cost implications. The best alternative was copper wires, which the DSL and cable internet communication technologies favored a lot. DSL and cable modem technologies still rule the roost in many developed and developing countries, while the developed countries are slowly moving towards having an ubiquitous network infrastructure facilitated by wireless LAN technologies.

Wireless Interoperability for Microwave Access, fondly called as WiMax, is gaining momentum as this technology has the potential to replace DSL and cable modem infrastructure. The most fascinating aspect of WiMax is the coverage and the data-rate it offers, rivaling most DSL and cable technologies.

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WiMax will primarily form a part of the backhaul network, while the wireless mesh technology would provide a resilient, pervasive and self-healing network, which is ultimately cheap and easily accessible. The unique selling point is that broadband internet would reach a far greater mass than was previously possible with wired solutions. Developing countries like India and China are likely to embrace WiMax to a greater extent than developed countries. Most of the rural areas in these countries are poorly connected due to lack of proper telephone line infrastructure and optical fiber cabling for high-speed data connectivity. WiMax has evolved from its initial stages to the present IEEE 802.16e mobile version, enabling a whole new world of being connected at high-speeds.

Wireless mesh networks technology has no single point of failure, and as mentioned above, with their resilience networks become more robust. There arises a plethora of applications right from the most sought after voice over wi-fi (VoWi-Fi) and video streaming to high-priority video surveillance applications. Moreover, there is a drastic reduction in technology development costs as the predominant wireless Ethernet adapters are used for connectivity. The new IEEE 802.11s standard for mesh networks would be ratified in 2008, and would solve issues relating to interoperability and latency.

Many vendors like Strix systems, BelAir Networks, RoamAd and a lot more have developed their wireless mesh products to be compatible with WiMax. This is a good indication that the future wireless connectivity would fairly depend on WiMax. Some of the vendors have also integrated the existing GSM technologies on to their mesh boxes, making it future-proof – an innovative way of converging wi-fi and cellular networks.

Hence, with the successful marriage between WiMax and Wireless Mesh Networks, the telecommunications industry sees a major leap forward to accomplish IMS. Keep your fingers crossed for a new revolution!

The author is a lead analyst with e-TechHerald-Wireless - a technology news website dealing with mobile, wi-fi, wimax and wireless sensor technologies.

Resource: http://wireless.e-techherald.com/ http://wireless.e-techherald.com/xGnBlog/

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Vaideen_Rajagopalan http://EzineArticles.com/?The-Future-of-Wireless-Communications-and-Broadband-Internet-Access&id=381812

WiMAX And How It May Become One Of The Greatest Technology Breakthrough Of The Decade

2007-07-16T18:25:00.000-07:00

If you have a chance to read my other article about the money movement strategy you will learn some reasons why I think this decade closely resembles the last decade with regards to the interest rates and stock market trends and why I believe that we are going to see a strong rally in the stock market over the next 2 years.

But now I found another reason. This is what I will call the technological reason. Well let's see:

In the later part of the 1990’s and beginning in 1995, we saw the beginning of the Internet as we know today. In 1995 Netscape introduced a tool which we call a browser and it became one of the most important inventions of the 90’s today. While the internet itself had been around for many years before. Until 1995 it was only used in text only modes. But then in 1995 Netscape and MS Internet Explorer began to give us the internet in a new way. This not only enabled ecommerce in the way we know it today, but so many other things that we take advantage of each day, including high speed internet. And just as the Personal Computer was the great invention of the late 80’s the internet browser became the greatest invention of the 90’s.

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And if it were not for this great browser technology, then we would never have had such a big stock market rally in the late 90’s. This was one of the main reasons for all of those Dotcom’s and then we even had Y2k to top it off!

So now something that I read in an article about 3 years ago is beginning to make sense. They have already predicted that the next great invention for this decade will be Full WIFI access from everybody. And guess what it is beginning to happen. You will now see the term WiMAX. This is that new technology that will help fuel the stock market in the same way that PC did in the 80’s and the Internet Browser did in the 90’s So for 2000 it will be WiMax. WiMax is like taking WIFI which is an the home or small business level and now the range goes form under 300 feet to over 75 miles! If I am correct you will see this technology popup in the news like crazy over the next 5 years. So while we do have some other Geo Political problems. Technology always seems to be able to drive the market in a much stronger ways. They also predicted that certain companies that make this technology possible will be the winner in the NASDAQ So I am wondering what will happen to the technology stocks of the companies which are already working with this new technology. At least you can be sure that they will be part of the next rally.

BLOG SOMEBODY http://www.blogsomebody.com

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Dave_Perry

How to Build a WiMAX Network

2007-07-16T18:20:00.000-07:00

Overview

The latest technology buzz is WiMAX wireless networks. We have heard many things about this wonderful new long haul wireless technology that it almost seems as though you are just a phone call away from having yours' designed and installed. Well before you start assuming things like we all do, we thought as engineers and network architects we would share personal experiences and the experiences of colleagues from around the world, in a manner that is direct, helpful, educational, and certainly reality based. This is a backpocket Primer for anyone now dealing with the implementation of a WiMAX network.

First, there are several misconceptions surrounding WiMAX that need to be cleared up so that the business aspects and engineering basis have a common understanding.

Secondly, the people who make the various decisions within your organizations need to understand that there are differences between a private network and an interoperable network strategy. This subtle difference does exist and requires a plan which considers the final transition aspects, if considered now, to easily provide a lower cost upgrade to a true interoperable network, now incorporating diverse vendor equipment.

Finally, while WiMAX has been out internationally for several years, it is very new to the United States, only a few months old, with very little training and education available to those who have the responsibility to build these systems or those who will make the financial and technical decisions to have these systems built for them as part of their long haul wireless strategy.

Our experiences and the experiences of our collegues are offered here as contributions as well as tying these in to the standards and certification authorities all meant to provide a reality based quick reference education for anyone in the throws of How to Build a WiMAX network.

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Primer

WiMAX is a standard designed for fixed broadband wireless access featuring a controlling base station, that connects subscriber stations not to each other but to various public networks, such as the Internet, linked to that base station. The acronym means “ worldwide interoperability for microwave access” or (WiMAX).

WiMAX, as a standards initiative, is based on a "set of profiles" supporting a wide range of frequencies (up to 66GHz)with channel sizes (1.25MHz to 20MHz) and applications (LOS and NLOS), and finally PTP and PTMP. The WiMAX profiles narrow the scope of 802.16 to focus on first service specific configurations. The IEEE titled the specification 802.16 and released it December 2002. The profiles addressed in that “profiles release” are 802.16-2004 (old d) and 802.16e as presented further down.

The WIMAX forum was formed eight months earlier in April 2002 to support, promote and certify compatibility and interoperability of devices based on the 802.16 specification, and to develop such devices for the marketplace. Founding Members of the organization include Airspan, Alvarion, Analog Devices, Aperto Networks, Ensemble Communications, Fujitsu, Intel, Nokia, OFDM Forum, Proxim, and Wi-LAN.

WiMAX is the IEEE 802.16 Point-to-Multipoint broadband wireless access standard for systems in the stated frequency ranges. WiMAX will initially provide fixed nomadic, portable and eventually, mobile wireless broadband connectivity. To that end there are two standards (802.16d (new -2004) and 802.16e respectively) although they will both perform similar functions because they must be interoperable. One clearly is a fixed solution and the other a mobile solution that must still communicate with a fixed solution. So one of the first considerations is whether you want to build out a mobile or fixed network. In many cases you would have already considered your target market segments, spectrum availability, regulatory constraints and your deployment need.

Which One do I Need?

Generally speaking, the current 802.16-2004 (originally 802.16d) fixed network products are less complex than 802.16e mobile network systems because; they can be used in a wider range of unlicensed bands, they offer a faster time-to-market, and in many cases a higher throughput than 802.16e equipment. On the other hand, there is better support for mobility and a wider range of terminal form factors advantages of 802.16e equipment.

It’s certainly a consideration but no matter what you chose the migration paths to move in either direction are easily achieved through overlay networks, software upgradeable base stations, dual mode devices and dual mode base stations. This consideration assures you are not stuck in one mode or the wrong mode and that your initial investment is protected. Makes the CTO and CEO happy.

WiMAX base stations transmit up to 30 miles, but because it is a cell-based topology, would yield a more typical range of 3 to 5 miles. WiMAX systems can deliver a capacity of up to 75 Mbps per channel, for fixed and portable access applications. This is enough bandwidth to simultaneously support hundreds of businesses with T-1 speed connectivity and thousands of residences with DSL speed connectivity as we have seen.

WiMAX technology will be incorporated in portable computers and PDAs expected in late 2006 and early 2007, allowing for urban areas and cities to become “MetroZones”, the new buzz word, for portable outdoor broadband wireless access. In addition, Wireless service providers and telecommunication equipment industries are embracing WiMAX technology because of its tremendous cost advantages to provide that last-mile connectivity to large parts of the world that are too expensive to serve with wired technologies requiring all that trenching.

Security

Due to the security issues with WEP in the 802.11 Wi-Fi arenas, the standards bodies took no chances with WiMAX, and wisely prioritized security from the onset. Base station designers went to work to assure a dedicated high performance security processor. The WiMAX security standard requires that all traffic be encrypted with CCMP (which is Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol).

According to the WiMAX forum, the group's aim is for end-to-end authentication. WiMAX uses PKM-EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol), which relies on the TLS standard following public key cryptography. Having addressed this level of security from the start provides an excellent reference point to add multi-level security options as well, if your implementation requires an MLS approach. Secure (blacker) implementations would require such an approach.

What is Released?

The first certification release for 802.16-2004 fixed is out there already and includes products from certified vendors with two profiles in the 3.5GHz and the 5.8GHz bands supporting fixed and nomadic access. The profiles for 802.16e mobile are not available nor released as of this writing but are expected to be in the ranges of 2.3GHz to 2.5GHz when officially released. WiMAX profiles based on 802.16-2004 are better suited to fixed applications that use directional antennas because OFDM is inherently less complex than SOFDMA used in the mobile application. As a results, 802.16-2004 networks will be deployed much faster and at a lower cost. Our experiences are with these released systems in the US and around the world in ground applications, mobile military, public safety and maritime applications.

Planning for WIMAX

Companies, cities or projects in maritime or ground systems in the US that have decided to or are considering building and operating a WiMAX network will have a few important issues to consider. The initial spectrum for WiMAX in the USA is unlicensed spectrum in the 5GHz range. Given this spectrum is open it will have inherent interference issues and risks which will require attention. There are many ways of overcoming interference issues. The answers come from a proper site selection, following your RF survey training and from the actual selected equipment. So, the planning and site survey results remain the key to your confident success.

Summary

WiMAX provides optimized solutions for fixed, nomadic, portable and mobile broadband wireless access. There are two flavors in various release and implementation modes. The first is 802.16-2004 WiMAX with two initial frequency profiles – the 3.5GHz and the 5.8GHz bands supporting fixed and nomadic access in LOS and NLOS environments now. The other flavor is 802.16e WiMAX with expected profiles in the 2.3GHz and 2.5GHz ranges optimized for dynamic mobile radio channels supporting hands-ff and roaming --arriving by 2007. Another exciting technology for all of us. Have fun! an extended version of this Primer is presented in our OnLine-CTO e-magazine. Contact Gina Smith at onlinecto@networkanatomy.com

Doug Linman is an award winning and industry recognized domestic and international communication systems architect with over 30 years experience. He is also the CEO and Chief Product Architect of NetworkAnatomy, a wireless, wearable and transportable communication firm located in Pleasanton, CA. http://www.networkanatomy.com

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Douglas_Linman

Business Prospects Of Wimax -- An ISP point of View

2007-07-16T18:14:00.000-07:00

The prospects for WiMAX technology as a viable business opportunity are often the subject of debate amidst numerous actual or perceived challenges. Applying these innovative insights can make these arguments and challenges disappear.

Unlike most people's expectation of rural deployments, you might consider targeting SME's in urban areas. There are several reasons for this:

• There is a growing demand in business for bandwidth capable of carrying symmetrical traffic, for voice, applications and uploading of larger files.

• There is a small but growing need for separated last mile services. Currently, however many wired service providers you have, they all use the incumbents' last mile infrastructure based on its nearest telephone exchange location unless you have paid for an expensive dig from the next nearest exchange. This leads to single points of failure and the potential for business communications to be down for days, as can happen say with a cable duct fire somewhere in the spoke.

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Your worst case environment would be a very high-density urban area with lots of interfering buildings, has multiple fibre networks, ADSL and SDSL in every exchange, hundreds of competing suppliers, a restrictive property planning regime with many 'listed' buildings, and no spare spectrum for FWA except the public 5.8GHz band.

To do this, because of the scale of competition from other service providers, your model needs to be disruptive. It has to offer things that businesses need (like QoS, toll-quality VoIP, high-quality video, symmetric bandwidth, higher capacities and network separation etc) at a lower cost.

This means stripping all unnecessary cost out of the model. You'll benefit from a quality RF planning tool that gives you a major advantage over other operators - mapping exactly where you can provide service, how to set up the customer antenna, what bandwidth can be achieved etc, based on your base-stations. You need to know exactly how to tune base-stations to avoid blackspots - without needing an RF team.

Although Wi-Fi and WiMAX often get confused, they are very different from an operators perspective. Wi-Fi is plug and play with no control over the wireless interface. WiMAX is not, it behaves more like a carrier ATM network. Wi-Fi is built into laptops and handsets, whereas FWA WiMAX requires larger standalone receivers (yours should mount on customer rooftops for optimum utilty).

The benefit is that WiMAX is very spectrally efficient, at least 50% more so than 3G networks, so it has much higher data-carrying capabilities in limited spectrum. All Wi-Fi shares the same public spectrum - WiMAX can work across a wide range. Wi-Fi provides service over a range of 100m, your WiMAX needs to provide 10Mbps over a range of 1.3km from a base-station non-line-of sight.

WiMAX can create carrier-class networks, Wi-Fi cannot – not even with mesh networks. However, Wi-Fi with WiMAX backhaul gets some of the benefits of WiMAX as the backhaul such as VPN’s. A lot of WiMAX customer equipment will come with Wi-Fi built in.

Don’t wait for mobile (802.16e) WiMAX – your experience with vendors may be that they're around fourteen months to two years behind on their promised delivery dates, and further delays could occur to key requirements. Don’t expect good enough 802.16e equipment to build a network with until late 2007 at the earliest, and no usable CPE until 2008 – as it’s mobile battery life is crucial and that will take time to get right.

There are big enough markets for FWA now. The most important thing is to grab the scarce resources first – spectrum etc – and make them yours. Except in those undeveloped countries without a mobile operator, mobile WiMAX will be very difficult to establish against incumbent operators with large installed bases because the areas covered are important to customers – which is not a consideration for FWA.

Michael is the owner of FreedomFire Communications....including DS3-Bandwidth.com and Business-VoIP-Solution.com. Michael also authors Broadband Nation where you're always welcome to drop in and catch up on the latest BroadBand news, tips, insights, and ramblings for the masses.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Lemm

Uses of WiMAX

2007-07-16T18:08:00.000-07:00

WiMAX is designed as a wireless alternative to DSL and cable for last mile broadband access and as way to interconnect Wi-Fi hotspots into a Metropolitan Area Network. Although, the actual uses for WiMAX overlaps those for Wireless Local Area Network up until the mobile Wide Area Network level. Telephone and cable companies are closely probing the potential of WiMAX as a "last mile" connectivity option. This will result to a better-priced service for both home and business customers and not to mention the elimination of the "captive" customer bases for both telephone and cable networks.

In theory, WiMAX can provide connectivity to users within a 31 mile radius even if there is no direct line if sight. However, actual field tests show that the practical limits seem to be just around 3 to 5 miles. According to WiMAX proponents, the technology can provide shared data rates up to 70 Mbit/s. This is enough to connect 60 T1-type connections simultaneously and over a thousand homes running at 1 Mbit/s DSL level connectivity. Practical maximum data rates in actual field tests show can only go between 500 kbit/s to 2 Mbit/s and is quite dependent on the conditions at a given site.

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Despite the numbers given, there are a lot of ways to improve the speed and range of a WiMAX connection using pre-existing technology. One interesting option for companies with analog cellular network is to let WiMAX "share" a cell tower since it will not interfere with any of the function of the cellular arrays while utilizing the licensed radio frequencies of the analog cellular network to increase its speed and range. A WiMAX antenna can also be directly connected to an Internet backbone using a fiber optic cable. This is one of the means to increase bandwidth for data-intensive applications running across a wireless network or as a back-haul for cellular phone and Internet traffic from a remote area back to a backbone. WiMAX can effectively improve a wireless infrastructure in a decentralized, inexpensive and deployment-friendly manner.

WiMAX is seen as a very good alternative to expensive urban deployments of T1 back-hauls in developing countries with limited wired infrastructure and cruel geography. The cost to install a WiMAX station as a single hub or using an existing cellular tower will be very small compared to a wired solution. WiMAX's 31-mile diametrical range also works well with the low population density and the wide flat areas common to developing countries. Some areas have skipped wired structures due to inhibitive costs and WiMAX can easily fill the gap in-between with its low-cost wireless solution.

There is no global license assigned for WiMAX although it has a very wide RF spectrum under the IEEE 802.16 specifications. The primary band used in the US for WiMAX is around 2.5 GHz although majority of the band is already assigned to Sprint Nextel. In other parts of the world, the bands used are usually around 2.3/2.5 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 5 GHz where the 2.3/2.5 GHz is widely used in Asia.

Michael Russell

Your Independent guide to Networking

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Russell

Michael Russell - EzineArticles Expert Author

WiMAx VS Wifi

2007-07-16T18:04:00.000-07:00

WiMax (802.16) is is a newer standard of wireless networking designed to provide the last mile of high speed internet access to the end user. Some people would call Wimax WiFi on steroids but this would be to broad of an assessment. Wifi was and still will be used in LAN environments for the foreseeable future. WiMax was designed to provide (MAN) Metropolitan Area Access, to homes and businesses.

WiMax base stations will have the ability to provide approximately 60 businesses with T1 access and hundreds of homes with DSL/Cable speed access…in theory. Engineers are stating that WiMax has the capability of reaching 30 Miles but real world testing has shown 4-8 mile working radius.

WiMax (MAN) deployments are similar to a WiFi network. First the ISP would have their T3 or higher access. The ISP would then use line of sight antennas (Bridges) to connect to towers that would distribute the non line of sight signal to (MAN) residential/business clients.

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WiMax line of sight antennas operate at a higher Frequency up to 60mhz. Distribution antennas do not have to be in the line of sight with their clients. Non – line of sight towers operate on a range similar to WiFi . WiMax can operate right next to cell phone towers with no interference.

WiMax networks are similar to Wifi in deployment. The Wimax Base station/Tower will beam a signal to a WiMax Receiver. Similar to a WiFi access point sending a signal to a laptop. As far as I can tell laptops will be shipping with Wimax receivers in 2006.

QOS (Quality of Service) is an major issue with WiMax because of the number of people accessing a tower at once. Some would think that a tower could be easily overloaded with a lot of people accessing it at once. Built into the WiMax standard is an algorithm that when the tower/base station is nearing capacity then it automatically will transfer the user to another WiMax tower or cell. Unlike a Wifi clients who have to kind of fight to stay associated with a given access point; WiMax will only have to perform this hand shake at the MAC level the first time they access the network.

WiMax is designed for building a network infrastructure when the environment or distance is not favorable to a wired network. Also, WiMax is a cheaper and quicker alternative than having to lay wire. Third world countries will greatly benefit from deploying WiMax networks. WiMax can handle virtually all the same protocols Wifi can including VOIP. African countries are now going to start deploying WiMax networks instead of cell phone networks. Disaster zones can also utilize WiMax giving them the ability to distribute crisis information quickly and cheaply.

Militaries are already using wireless technology to connect remote sites. Logistics will be simplified with the ease of tracking with RF technologies. WiMax can also handle Webcams and streaming video which would give commanders eyes on target capability. Just imagine if planes were able to drop preconfigured self deploying WiMax antennas in strategic areas giving troops real time battlefield intel. Armed with wireless cameras, drones and a GPS one soldier would truly be an Army of One.

As WiMax is deployed in more areas theory and real life capabilities of WiMax will come to light. The differences between WiMax and Wifi are simple. Think of a WiMax network as an ISP with out wires, with the signal providing your internet access to your business/ home. Wifi will be used within in your LAN for the near future.

Sign up for the most popular wireless networking news letter on the internet. Receive the inside scoop on wireless technology for the home and work place at http://www.wirelessninja.com.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Eric_Meyer

WiMax Mobile Technology Review

2007-07-16T18:01:00.000-07:00

WiMax is a new standard in wireless communication that many industry insiders predict will come to be the backbone of a nationwide telecommunications network that will replace conventional GSM and 3G mobile phones within the next few years. WiMax works in a similar way to the WiFi networks we use with laptop computers, but is active over a much larger area, and offers extremely fast networking speeds.

The idea behind Wimax is as an extended wireless network that would allow for people using wireless computers to get access to the Internet in almost any location within the country. This was seized upon by manufacturers of mobile phones as a possible way of breaking the network stranglehold of the big mobile phone companies like O2, Vodafone, and Orange as a potential mobile phone network.

The incredibly high data transfer speeds offered by the Wimax network would allow for more users to connect through a single cell in the network, and offer a wider range of services than is currently available to be offered. In addition to this, all phones would communicate through IP rather than through GSM style networks.

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Users would be able to do everything that they currently can, but because of the much larger available bandwidth available on the system, the costs of using a mobile phone with a Wimax network would be an order of magnitude cheaper than conventional networks.

Some of the latest smart phones such as the Nokia N95 are already able to connect wirelessly to the internet through existing WiFi hotspots for additional data capabilities, but a Wimax network on a nationwide scale would allow even more phones to take advantage of the service, and it would become a scalable alternative.

Users would make calls over the Internet as they currently do with a VOIP service, allowing for practically free communication. The networks would need to change their business models in order to supply the technology, and it is feasible that micro operators would come into the market and offer regional networks that users could roam through.

How the nationwide Wimax network would be implemented is still up for debate, but in the areas where it has been trialled it has been very successful, and users have reported that the service quality is first class.

For it to take off the price of the technology will need to fall considerably, but this has been the case over the last few years anyway, and with large take up it would be a necessary result of the scale economy of technology.

Mark Hirst writes for Best Mobile Contracts, a website that specialises in finding the best mobile phone deals. If you would like to find great orange mobile phone contracts then visit his site today.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Mark_Hirst

WiMAX, VoIP, Killer Apps, and the Digital Divide

2007-07-16T17:58:00.000-07:00

The emerging standard 802.16 defines a network of wireless broadband at speeds capable of delivering triple play access to voice, data, and multimedia internet services. As a disruptive technology, WiMAX stands to compete with cable companies, the Telco’s, and the 3G cellular networks. Thanks to the IEEE standards committee and the WiMAX Forum, the fledgling technology that got serious in 2004 is now being deployed in regions around the world.

Companies like Intel with their World Ahead program have formed partnerships for WiMAX deployments in Asia, Africa, and Europe, in an all out effort to bridge the digital divide. The cost effectiveness and ease of a WiMAX deployment is significant compared to implementing a wireline infrastructure, making the technology a natural choice for underdeveloped townships and hard to reach localities.

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As it stands today, most of the deployments are of Fixed WiMAX, offering VoIP and data transfers through line of site and non line of site antennae, with a fiber optic, satellite, or WiMAX backhaul – i.e. Internet connection.

In 2008, the 802.16e standard known as Mobile WiMAX is expected to come of age. Mobile WiMAX will provide for faster handoffs and will be able to compete with the cellular 3G networks. As a technology based on open standards, WiMAX is considered to be future proof, in that upgrades to emerging standards should be easily accomplished.

In the United States, FCC Chairman Kevin Martin recently stated that broadband access is a top priority for the FCC, and that the upcoming auction of frequencies in the 700MHz spectrum provides an opportunity for wireless internet access to become a third choice for consumers.

Today, most of the WiMAX 2.5 GHz spectrum is owned by Sprint Nextel and Clearwire Communications. Martin says the FCC is auctioning off some of the spectrum in smaller blocks to give smaller companies a chance to compete, and to bolster overall competition in the industry.

The 700 MHz ban would be especially well suited for Mobile WiMAX, delivering large amounts of data at low power. The spectrum is being made available because of the analog to digital television transition. Another advantage of this range is its ability to penetrate deep into dense structures, potentially making the dropped call phenomenon so typical of today’s cell phones a thing of the past.

WiMAX is a robust technology, capable of delivering large amounts of data at high speeds over an area of daisy chained base stations. But what will be the Killer App in a WiMAX network? The one application that gains widespread acceptance, makes the most money, and fosters development and competition?

Some think the killer app could be TV over WiMAX. The company MobiTV is working with the WiMAX Forum to do just that. They already bring over 50 channels to your phone or PC, and also offer TV over WiFi.

For municipalities and those concerned with homeland security, surveillance could be the ultimate app. Cities could easily and cheaply cover all departments with a single T1 backhaul, police would have instant access to data, mug shots etc, and wireless cameras could be deployed to monitor security sensitive areas. Crime could potentially cease to exist with big brother on constant wireless alert!

Probably the biggest money maker for a WiMAX network would be Internet telephony. VoIP has already been deployed on WiMAX networks throughout the world, and the very concept of cheap phone calls globally has led consumers to VoIP pure plays like Vonage or Packet8, and the cable companies are also getting into the act.

For the underdeveloped populations most effected by the digital divide, cheap, reliable phone service could open up a whole brave new world.

Author Michael Talbert is a certified systems engineer and web designer with over 7 years experience in the industry. For more information on WiMAX, read the series of articles starting with WiMax, VoIP, and the Metropolitan Area Network. For more on VoIP, visit the website VoIP-Facts.net, or the VoIP Blog for up to date industry news and commentary.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Talbert

Wimax Forums Online

2007-07-14T15:10:00.000-07:00

Wimax Forum
http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/

Wimax Industry Forums
http://www.wimax-industry.com/wimaxforums.htm

Wimax - VOIP Forum
http://voip-forum.tmcnet.com/forum/default.asp?C=11

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Will Mobile WiMAX Crack Fortress Europe?

2007-07-14T14:58:00.000-07:00

The new, data-friendly, wireless technology could challenge local networks and offer scope for U.S. tech players like Intel and Clearwire

by Jennifer L. Schenker

For the past 15 years, American tech giants such as Intel and Microsoft have been largely shut out of the European-dominated mobile phone industry. Not that they haven't tried—Intel (INTC) made processors and memory for handsets and Microsoft (MSFT) is still pushing a pint-sized version of Windows for handheld devices. But the business was still largely controlled by telecom companies such as Nokia, Ericsson, and Vodafone.

Now, with the pending arrival of a disruptive new wireless technology called Mobile WiMAX, the U.S. crowd stands its best chance in years at knocking down Fortress Europe. A kind of Wi-Fi on steroids, Mobile WiMAX delivers data at speeds comparable to conventional third-generation (3G) mobiles but promises to be cheaper to implement because it uses newer, more efficient technology.

More importantly, because it's based on Internet protocols, WiMAX lets carriers offer a single data service—akin to wireless DSL—that can carry any kind of traffic, from voice calls to Web surfing to video. That's a significant advantage over the separate voice and data services now delivered by mobile operators. "We're not just building a WiMAX operator, but a full telco," says Krassimir Stoitcheff, chief executive officer of Max Telecom, a Bulgarian startup that plans to blanket the country with wireless services by the end of 2008. Forget triple or quadruple play: with WiMAX, all services are delivered as one.
An Urgent Call to Speed Things Up

The implications for Europe's existing mobile players are enormous. Operators who have sunk billions into 3G spectrum licenses and speedy new networks will likely face significant competition from new entrants, including fixed-line telcos such as Britain's BT Group (BT) that could add WiMAX services and compete with mobile carriers. According to Washington (D.C.)-based Telegeography Research, 345 operators around the world—including 57 in Eastern Europe alone—either have acquired WiMAX licenses, launched trials, or begun commercial services.

At the mobile industry's biggest annual confab, the February 3GSM show in Barcelona, Vodafone (VOD) CEO Arun Sarin issued an urgent call for the mobile industry to speed up development of 3G successors to fend off the threat from WiMAX. Yet even Vodafone, which is expected to stick mainly with traditional mobile technology, is experimenting with WiMAX in Malta and Bahrain.

Handset makers such as Nokia (NOK) and Sony Ericsson (SNE) (ERIC) also must contend with the potential impact of WiMAX. For now, they remain mostly committed to 3G and its successors, but they're dabbling in the new technology to hedge their bets. Nokia, for instance, has already said it will make a WiMAX-compatible handset by 2008, as have Motorola (MOT) and Samsung. British researcher Informa Telecoms & Media forecasts that the market for WiMAX-enabled devices could amount to $4.7 billion in 2012. Click To Continue Reading
http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/jul2007/gb20070711_598418_page_2.htm
http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/jul2007/gb20070711_598418.htm?chan=globalbiz_europe+index+page_top+stories

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WIMAX - Definitions and Uses

2007-07-14T14:26:00.000-07:00

WiMAX, the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is a telecommunications technology aimed at providing wireless data over long distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to full mobile cellular type access. It is based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, which is also called WirelessMAN. WiMAX allows a user, for example, to browse the Internet on a laptop computer without physically connecting the laptop to a wall jack. The name WiMAX was created by the WiMAX Forum, which was formed in June 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the standard. The forum describes WiMAX as "a standards-based technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL."

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The bandwidth and reach of WiMAX make it suitable for the following potential applications:

* Connecting Wi-Fi hotspots with each other and to other parts of the Internet.
* Providing a wireless alternative to cable and DSL for last mile (last km) broadband access.
* Providing high-speed data and telecommunications services.
* Providing a diverse source of Internet connectivity as part of a business continuity plan. That is, if a business has a fixed and a wireless Internet connection, especially from unrelated providers, they are unlikely to be affected by the same service outage.
* Providing nomadic connectivity.

Broadband access

Many companies are closely examining WiMAX for "last mile" connectivity at high data rates. This could result in lower pricing for both home and business customers as competition lowers prices.

In areas without pre-existing physical cable or telephone networks, WiMAX may be a viable alternative for broadband access that has been economically unavailable. Prior to WiMAX, many operators have been using proprietary fixed wireless technologies for broadband services.

WiMAX access was used to assist with communications in Aceh, Indonesia, after the tsunami in December 2004. All communication infrastructures, other than HAM Radio in the area were destroyed making the survivors unable to communicate with people outside the disaster area and vice versa. WiMAX provided broadband access that helped regenerate communication to and from Aceh.

Mobile applications

Some cellular companies are evaluating WiMAX as a means of increasing bandwidth for a variety of data-intensive applications; Sprint Nextel announced in mid-2006 that it would invest about US$ 3 billion in a WiMAX technology buildout over the next few years[2].

In line with these possible applications is the technology's ability to serve as a high bandwidth "backhaul" for Internet or cellular phone traffic from remote areas back to an Internet backbone. Although the cost per user/point of WiMAX in a remote application will be higher, it is not limited to such applications, and may be an answer to reducing the cost of T1/E1 backhaul as well. Given the limited wired infrastructure in some developing countries, the costs to install a WiMAX station in conjunction with an existing cellular tower or even as a solitary hub are likely to be small in comparison to developing a wired solution. Areas of low population density and flat terrain are particularly suited to WiMAX and its range. For countries that have skipped wired infrastructure as a result of prohibitive costs and unsympathetic geography, WiMAX can enhance wireless infrastructure in an inexpensive, decentralized, deployment-friendly and effective manner.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX

Writers Needed

2007-07-08T20:57:00.000-07:00

We’re looking for more new writers for our Blogging Network. If you love writing or blogging, I’d like to chat with you.

A couple notes:

• Please send me a writing sample.

• Experience blogging isn’t required, I will train you.

• Some positions are paid, and some aren’t.

Please specify in your email whether or not you’ll work for free.

Send an email to williamcoit@yahoo.com .